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Comparative Phytochemical and Proximate Compositions of Cola acuminata (P. Beauv.) Schott and Cola nitida (Vent) Schott and Endl.

Published in Plant (Volume 3, Issue 3)
Received: 1 May 2015     Accepted: 15 May 2015     Published: 29 June 2015
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Abstract

Seeds, leaves and stems of Cola acuminata (P. Beauv.) Schott and Cola nitida (Vent) Schott and Endl. Were oven-dried at 60oC for 24 hours and standard analytical laboratory methods were used for proximate and phytochemical tests. Sterols and triterpenes were absent in all the parts of the two species. Starch was absent in the leaves of Cola acuminata and C. nitida. Trace amount of hydrogen cyanide was only detected in the seed of C. acuminata. Alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin as well as high level of protein and minerals were found in all the parts of the two species in varying concentrations. Seed of C. acuminata has higher alkaloid content (0.26+0.11%) and as a result could have a higher stimulating property. These chemical characters could be considered as additional characters in delimitation of the two species as well as proper placement of the family, Sterculiaceae.

Published in Plant (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.plant.20150303.12
Page(s) 26-29
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Alkaloid, Chemical characters, Cola acuminata, Cola nitida, Kola nut, Sterculiaceae

References
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[3] J.W. Purseglove, Tropical Crops: Dicotelydons. Vol. 163.Wiley, New York.1969; pp. 3871.
[4] A.C. Dutta, Botany for Degree Students, 5th ed. Oxford University Press, New Delhi. 1981; pp. 825.
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[6] R.W. Keay, C.F.A. Onochie, D.P. Stanfield, Nigerian Trees Vol. 2. Federal Department of Forest Research, Ibadan.1964; pp. 329.
[7] D.P. Ghani, A. Introduction to Pharmacognosy. ABU Press Ltd., Zaria. 1990; pp. 250.
[8] I. Etukudo, Forests our Divine Favour. Dorand Publishers, Uyo.2000; pp. 194.
[9] I. Etukudo, Ethnobotany: Conventional and Traditional uses of Plants, 1st ed. The Verdict Press, Uyo. 2003; pp. 191.
[10] A.H. Beckett, J.B. Stenlake, Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry: Part 1.Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd., London. 1988; pp. 235.
[11] J.B. Harborne, Phytochemical Methods, 1st ed. Chapman and Hall, London.1973; pp. 273.
[12] H.M. Ene-Obong, E. Carnovale, A comparison of the proximate, mineral and amino acid composition of some known and lesser-known legumes in Nigeria. Food Chemi., 1992; 43:169-175.
[13] F.R. Irvine, Woody Plants of Ghana: with Special Reference to their Uses. Oxford University Press, London. 1961; pp. 868.
[14] C.L.M. Eijnatten, Kola: A Review of the Literature. Tropical Abstracts, 1973; 28:541-550.
[15] M.H. Zenk, M. Juenger, Evolution and current status of the phytochemistry of nitrogenous compounds. Phytochem., 2007; 68: 2757–72.
[16] M. Blades, Functional Foods. Neutraceut. Nutri. Food Sci., 2000; 30(2):73-75.
[17] E.A. Alagwu, E.E. Osim, C.M. Nwozor, O.T. Edom, Effects of aqueous kola nut (Cola nitida) extracts on the contraction of isolated rabbit ileum. J. Sci. Multidisciplinary Res., 2014; 6(1):82 – 89.
[18] F. Adediwura, N. Bernard, A. Omotola, Biochemical effects of chronic administration of Cola acuminata (P. Beauv.) Schott and Endl. extracts in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Asian J. Pharmaceut. Biol. Res., 2011; 1(3): 355-359.
[19] K.O. Soetan, O.O. Aiyelaagbe, The need for bioactivity–safety evaluation and conservation of medicinal plant– A review. J. Med. Plant Res., 2009; 35: 324-328.
[20] C.Y. Lee, A. Jaworski, Phenolic compounds in white grape grown in New York. Am. Enol. Viticul., 1987; 38:277-281.
[21] A.A.A. Alaibe, G.C. Ejezie, E.N.U. Ezedinachi, The role of cola nut (Cola nitida) in the etiology of malaria morbility. Pharmaceut. Biol., 2003; 41(6):458-462.
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    Okeke, Clement Uwabunkeonye, Chinelo Anthonia Ezeabara, Chimezie, Horoiheoma, et al. (2015). Comparative Phytochemical and Proximate Compositions of Cola acuminata (P. Beauv.) Schott and Cola nitida (Vent) Schott and Endl.. Plant, 3(3), 26-29. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20150303.12

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    ACS Style

    Okeke; Clement Uwabunkeonye; Chinelo Anthonia Ezeabara; Chimezie; Horoiheoma, et al. Comparative Phytochemical and Proximate Compositions of Cola acuminata (P. Beauv.) Schott and Cola nitida (Vent) Schott and Endl.. Plant. 2015, 3(3), 26-29. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20150303.12

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    AMA Style

    Okeke, Clement Uwabunkeonye, Chinelo Anthonia Ezeabara, Chimezie, Horoiheoma, et al. Comparative Phytochemical and Proximate Compositions of Cola acuminata (P. Beauv.) Schott and Cola nitida (Vent) Schott and Endl.. Plant. 2015;3(3):26-29. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20150303.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.plant.20150303.12,
      author = {Okeke and Clement Uwabunkeonye and Chinelo Anthonia Ezeabara and Chimezie and Horoiheoma and Udechukwu and Chidozie Denis and Bibian Okwuchukwu Aziagba},
      title = {Comparative Phytochemical and Proximate Compositions of Cola acuminata (P. Beauv.) Schott and Cola nitida (Vent) Schott and Endl.},
      journal = {Plant},
      volume = {3},
      number = {3},
      pages = {26-29},
      doi = {10.11648/j.plant.20150303.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20150303.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plant.20150303.12},
      abstract = {Seeds, leaves and stems of Cola acuminata (P. Beauv.) Schott and Cola nitida (Vent) Schott and Endl. Were oven-dried at 60oC for 24 hours and standard analytical laboratory methods were used for proximate and phytochemical tests. Sterols and triterpenes were absent in all the parts of the two species. Starch was absent in the leaves of Cola acuminata and C. nitida. Trace amount of hydrogen cyanide was only detected in the seed of C. acuminata. Alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin as well as high level of protein and minerals were found in all the parts of the two species in varying concentrations. Seed of C. acuminata has higher alkaloid content (0.26+0.11%) and as a result could have a higher stimulating property. These chemical characters could be considered as additional characters in delimitation of the two species as well as proper placement of the family, Sterculiaceae.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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    AU  - Okeke
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    AB  - Seeds, leaves and stems of Cola acuminata (P. Beauv.) Schott and Cola nitida (Vent) Schott and Endl. Were oven-dried at 60oC for 24 hours and standard analytical laboratory methods were used for proximate and phytochemical tests. Sterols and triterpenes were absent in all the parts of the two species. Starch was absent in the leaves of Cola acuminata and C. nitida. Trace amount of hydrogen cyanide was only detected in the seed of C. acuminata. Alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin as well as high level of protein and minerals were found in all the parts of the two species in varying concentrations. Seed of C. acuminata has higher alkaloid content (0.26+0.11%) and as a result could have a higher stimulating property. These chemical characters could be considered as additional characters in delimitation of the two species as well as proper placement of the family, Sterculiaceae.
    VL  - 3
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Author Information
  • Department of Botany, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

  • Department of Botany, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

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