Determination of Water Quality at Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria Limited, Rivers State, Nigeria

Nte Felix. U.; Esi Emmanuel O.; Edomi O.

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15

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Determination of Water Quality at Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria Limited, Rivers State, Nigeria

Nte Felix. U., Esi Emmanuel O., Edomi O.

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 1, Issue 6)

Received: 25 September 2013 Published: 30 November 2013

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Abstract

Water is one of the abundantly available substances in nature. It is a vital factor for aquatic life as well as for human use. In this report, water samples were collected from Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria limited (both borehole water, drainage water and Cway water) all were analyzed for their major, minor and trace metals element constituents and physiochemical parameter, using modern analytical methods. The results were evaluated with a view to determine and compare the quality of the water sampled from the study area with WHO Standard to enable us knows the quality of water in the industrial layout. The following physiochemical and heavy metals were analyzed with concentration level range as follow: Total dissolved solid “TDS” ranged from 20.0 – 250 mg/l with mean value as 123.33 mg/l), Total suspended solid “TSS” ranged from 12.0 – 130 mg/l with mean value as 51.33 mg/l, Total hardness ranged from 8.0 – 32.02 mg/l with mean value as 18.67 mg/l, Conductivity ranged from 7.0 – 46.0 µs/cm with mean value as 26 µs/cm, pH ranged from 4.21 – 7.21 with mean value as 6.06, Dissolved oxygen “DO’’ ranged from 4.80 – 5.60 mg/l with mean value as 5.067 mg/l, Biochemical Oxygen Demand “BOD” ranged from 15.0 – 30 mg/l with mean value as 20.833 mg/l, Salinity ranged from 15.40 – 35.91 mg/l with mean value as 25.56 mg/l, Iron “Fe” ranged from 0.088 – 3.396 mg/l with mean value as 1.21 mg/l, Pb ranged from 0.014 - 0.047 mg/l with mean value as 0.0143 mg/l, Zn ranged from 0.065 – 0.159 mg/l with mean value as 0.125 mg/l, Cd ranged from 0.006 – 0.013 mg/l with mean value as 0.0006 mg/l and Ni ranged from 0.015 – 0.140 mg/l with mean value as 0.0743 mg/l. The mean values for TDS, TSS, Conductivity and Salinity were below the WHO Standard for portable drinking water, while the total hardness and dissolved oxygen falls within the WHO Standard limit. The BOD was above the WHO Compliance limit for portable drinking water, although the pH for the Cway water fall within the WHO permissible limit for portable water but the pH for borehole water is below the WHO permissible limit for portable water. The presence of some heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cd, Fe, Ni) were also detected in the analysis which will be toxic to human being and the environment at high concentration.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 1, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15
Page(s)	302-306
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2013. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Water Quality, Heavy Metals, Physiochemical Parameter, Standard, Environment

References

[1]	Longe E. O and Balogun M.R, (2010) ;Groundwater Quality Assessment near a Municipal Landfill, Lagos, Nigeria; Research of Applied Sci. Eng’g and Technology 2(1) 93 – 44.
[2]	Christopher .O. Akinbile and Molid .S. Yusoff (2011); Environmental Impact of Leachate pollution on Groundwater supplies in Akure, Nigeria; Intal journal of Environ. Sci. and Develop. 2 (1) 81 – 86.
[3]	Bjorm. I, (2001); The Skeptical Environmentalist Cambridge University Press. Pg 22.
[4]	Hudson .K. and Manus L. A (2006); Drinking water quality framework for South Africa water S. A.
[5]	Horsfall .M. Jr and Spiff A. I, (2001); Principle of Environmental Pollution. Meter print Ltd Nigeria
[6]	Sharman B.K, (2006); Industrial Chemistry including Chemical Engineering goet publishing house meeting.
[7]	DWAF, (1996); South Africa Water quality guideline, Aquatic ecosystem. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry Vol 7 (1).
[8]	WHO, (2008); Sample water and global health. www.who/int/features/qa/70/en/index.html.
[9]	Adetunde L.A et al, (2011); Assessment of the Groundwater quality in Ogbomoso township of Oyo State Nigeria. IJRRAS 8(1) 115 – 122.
[10]	WHO (1993); Guidelines for Drinking water quality Vol (1) Recommendation. WHO Geneva Switzerland.
[11]	WHO, (2005); Guidelines for Drinking water quality WHO, Geneva. Switzerland.

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Nte Felix. U., Esi Emmanuel O., Edomi O. (2013). Determination of Water Quality at Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria Limited, Rivers State, Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 1(6), 302-306. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15

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ACS Style

Nte Felix. U.; Esi Emmanuel O.; Edomi O. Determination of Water Quality at Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria Limited, Rivers State, Nigeria. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2013, 1(6), 302-306. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15

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AMA Style

Nte Felix. U., Esi Emmanuel O., Edomi O. Determination of Water Quality at Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria Limited, Rivers State, Nigeria. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2013;1(6):302-306. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15,
  author = {Nte Felix. U. and Esi Emmanuel O. and Edomi O.},
  title = {Determination of Water Quality at Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria Limited, Rivers State, Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {1},
  number = {6},
  pages = {302-306},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20130106.15},
  abstract = {Water is one of the abundantly available substances in nature. It is a vital factor for aquatic life as well as for human use. In this report, water samples were collected from Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria limited (both borehole water, drainage water and Cway water) all were analyzed for their major, minor and trace metals element constituents and physiochemical parameter, using modern analytical methods. The results were evaluated with a view to determine and compare the quality of the water sampled from the study area with WHO Standard to enable us knows the quality of water in the industrial layout. The following physiochemical and heavy metals were analyzed with concentration level range as follow: Total dissolved solid “TDS” ranged from 20.0 – 250 mg/l with mean value as 123.33 mg/l), Total suspended solid “TSS” ranged from 12.0 – 130 mg/l with mean value as 51.33 mg/l, Total hardness ranged from 8.0 – 32.02 mg/l with mean value as 18.67 mg/l, Conductivity ranged from 7.0 – 46.0 µs/cm with mean value as 26 µs/cm, pH ranged from 4.21 – 7.21 with mean value as 6.06, Dissolved oxygen “DO’’ ranged from 4.80 – 5.60 mg/l with mean value as 5.067 mg/l, Biochemical Oxygen Demand “BOD” ranged from 15.0 – 30 mg/l with mean value as 20.833 mg/l, Salinity ranged from 15.40 – 35.91 mg/l with mean value as 25.56 mg/l, Iron “Fe” ranged from 0.088 – 3.396 mg/l with mean value as 1.21 mg/l, Pb ranged from 0.014 - 0.047 mg/l with mean value as 0.0143 mg/l, Zn ranged from 0.065 – 0.159 mg/l with mean value as 0.125 mg/l, Cd ranged from 0.006 – 0.013 mg/l with mean value as 0.0006 mg/l and Ni ranged from 0.015 – 0.140 mg/l with mean value as 0.0743 mg/l. The mean values for TDS, TSS, Conductivity and Salinity were below the WHO Standard for portable drinking water, while the total hardness and dissolved oxygen falls within the WHO Standard limit. The BOD was above the WHO Compliance limit for portable drinking water, although the pH for the Cway water fall within the WHO permissible limit for portable water but the pH for borehole water is below the WHO permissible limit for portable water. The presence of some heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cd, Fe, Ni) were also detected in the analysis which will be toxic to human being and the environment at high concentration.},
 year = {2013}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of Water Quality at Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria Limited, Rivers State, Nigeria
AU  - Nte Felix. U.
AU  - Esi Emmanuel O.
AU  - Edomi O.
Y1  - 2013/11/30
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 302
EP  - 306
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15
AB  - Water is one of the abundantly available substances in nature. It is a vital factor for aquatic life as well as for human use. In this report, water samples were collected from Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria limited (both borehole water, drainage water and Cway water) all were analyzed for their major, minor and trace metals element constituents and physiochemical parameter, using modern analytical methods. The results were evaluated with a view to determine and compare the quality of the water sampled from the study area with WHO Standard to enable us knows the quality of water in the industrial layout. The following physiochemical and heavy metals were analyzed with concentration level range as follow: Total dissolved solid “TDS” ranged from 20.0 – 250 mg/l with mean value as 123.33 mg/l), Total suspended solid “TSS” ranged from 12.0 – 130 mg/l with mean value as 51.33 mg/l, Total hardness ranged from 8.0 – 32.02 mg/l with mean value as 18.67 mg/l, Conductivity ranged from 7.0 – 46.0 µs/cm with mean value as 26 µs/cm, pH ranged from 4.21 – 7.21 with mean value as 6.06, Dissolved oxygen “DO’’ ranged from 4.80 – 5.60 mg/l with mean value as 5.067 mg/l, Biochemical Oxygen Demand “BOD” ranged from 15.0 – 30 mg/l with mean value as 20.833 mg/l, Salinity ranged from 15.40 – 35.91 mg/l with mean value as 25.56 mg/l, Iron “Fe” ranged from 0.088 – 3.396 mg/l with mean value as 1.21 mg/l, Pb ranged from 0.014 - 0.047 mg/l with mean value as 0.0143 mg/l, Zn ranged from 0.065 – 0.159 mg/l with mean value as 0.125 mg/l, Cd ranged from 0.006 – 0.013 mg/l with mean value as 0.0006 mg/l and Ni ranged from 0.015 – 0.140 mg/l with mean value as 0.0743 mg/l. The mean values for TDS, TSS, Conductivity and Salinity were below the WHO Standard for portable drinking water, while the total hardness and dissolved oxygen falls within the WHO Standard limit. The BOD was above the WHO Compliance limit for portable drinking water, although the pH for the Cway water fall within the WHO permissible limit for portable water but the pH for borehole water is below the WHO permissible limit for portable water. The presence of some heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cd, Fe, Ni) were also detected in the analysis which will be toxic to human being and the environment at high concentration.
VL  - 1
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Nte Felix. U.

Department of Physics, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria
Esi Emmanuel O.

Department of GNS (Physics unit), Delta State School of Marine Technology, Burutu, Delta State, Nigeria
Edomi O.

Department of GNS (Physics unit), Delta State School of Marine Technology, Burutu, Delta State, Nigeria

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APA Style

Nte Felix. U., Esi Emmanuel O., Edomi O. (2013). Determination of Water Quality at Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria Limited, Rivers State, Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 1(6), 302-306. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15

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ACS Style

Nte Felix. U.; Esi Emmanuel O.; Edomi O. Determination of Water Quality at Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria Limited, Rivers State, Nigeria. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2013, 1(6), 302-306. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15

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AMA Style

Nte Felix. U., Esi Emmanuel O., Edomi O. Determination of Water Quality at Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria Limited, Rivers State, Nigeria. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2013;1(6):302-306. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15,
  author = {Nte Felix. U. and Esi Emmanuel O. and Edomi O.},
  title = {Determination of Water Quality at Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria Limited, Rivers State, Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {1},
  number = {6},
  pages = {302-306},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20130106.15},
  abstract = {Water is one of the abundantly available substances in nature. It is a vital factor for aquatic life as well as for human use. In this report, water samples were collected from Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria limited (both borehole water, drainage water and Cway water) all were analyzed for their major, minor and trace metals element constituents and physiochemical parameter, using modern analytical methods. The results were evaluated with a view to determine and compare the quality of the water sampled from the study area with WHO Standard to enable us knows the quality of water in the industrial layout. The following physiochemical and heavy metals were analyzed with concentration level range as follow: Total dissolved solid “TDS” ranged from 20.0 – 250 mg/l with mean value as 123.33 mg/l), Total suspended solid “TSS” ranged from 12.0 – 130 mg/l with mean value as 51.33 mg/l, Total hardness ranged from 8.0 – 32.02 mg/l with mean value as 18.67 mg/l, Conductivity ranged from 7.0 – 46.0 µs/cm with mean value as 26 µs/cm, pH ranged from 4.21 – 7.21 with mean value as 6.06, Dissolved oxygen “DO’’ ranged from 4.80 – 5.60 mg/l with mean value as 5.067 mg/l, Biochemical Oxygen Demand “BOD” ranged from 15.0 – 30 mg/l with mean value as 20.833 mg/l, Salinity ranged from 15.40 – 35.91 mg/l with mean value as 25.56 mg/l, Iron “Fe” ranged from 0.088 – 3.396 mg/l with mean value as 1.21 mg/l, Pb ranged from 0.014 - 0.047 mg/l with mean value as 0.0143 mg/l, Zn ranged from 0.065 – 0.159 mg/l with mean value as 0.125 mg/l, Cd ranged from 0.006 – 0.013 mg/l with mean value as 0.0006 mg/l and Ni ranged from 0.015 – 0.140 mg/l with mean value as 0.0743 mg/l. The mean values for TDS, TSS, Conductivity and Salinity were below the WHO Standard for portable drinking water, while the total hardness and dissolved oxygen falls within the WHO Standard limit. The BOD was above the WHO Compliance limit for portable drinking water, although the pH for the Cway water fall within the WHO permissible limit for portable water but the pH for borehole water is below the WHO permissible limit for portable water. The presence of some heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cd, Fe, Ni) were also detected in the analysis which will be toxic to human being and the environment at high concentration.},
 year = {2013}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of Water Quality at Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria Limited, Rivers State, Nigeria
AU  - Nte Felix. U.
AU  - Esi Emmanuel O.
AU  - Edomi O.
Y1  - 2013/11/30
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 302
EP  - 306
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130106.15
AB  - Water is one of the abundantly available substances in nature. It is a vital factor for aquatic life as well as for human use. In this report, water samples were collected from Orwell International Oil and Gas Nigeria limited (both borehole water, drainage water and Cway water) all were analyzed for their major, minor and trace metals element constituents and physiochemical parameter, using modern analytical methods. The results were evaluated with a view to determine and compare the quality of the water sampled from the study area with WHO Standard to enable us knows the quality of water in the industrial layout. The following physiochemical and heavy metals were analyzed with concentration level range as follow: Total dissolved solid “TDS” ranged from 20.0 – 250 mg/l with mean value as 123.33 mg/l), Total suspended solid “TSS” ranged from 12.0 – 130 mg/l with mean value as 51.33 mg/l, Total hardness ranged from 8.0 – 32.02 mg/l with mean value as 18.67 mg/l, Conductivity ranged from 7.0 – 46.0 µs/cm with mean value as 26 µs/cm, pH ranged from 4.21 – 7.21 with mean value as 6.06, Dissolved oxygen “DO’’ ranged from 4.80 – 5.60 mg/l with mean value as 5.067 mg/l, Biochemical Oxygen Demand “BOD” ranged from 15.0 – 30 mg/l with mean value as 20.833 mg/l, Salinity ranged from 15.40 – 35.91 mg/l with mean value as 25.56 mg/l, Iron “Fe” ranged from 0.088 – 3.396 mg/l with mean value as 1.21 mg/l, Pb ranged from 0.014 - 0.047 mg/l with mean value as 0.0143 mg/l, Zn ranged from 0.065 – 0.159 mg/l with mean value as 0.125 mg/l, Cd ranged from 0.006 – 0.013 mg/l with mean value as 0.0006 mg/l and Ni ranged from 0.015 – 0.140 mg/l with mean value as 0.0743 mg/l. The mean values for TDS, TSS, Conductivity and Salinity were below the WHO Standard for portable drinking water, while the total hardness and dissolved oxygen falls within the WHO Standard limit. The BOD was above the WHO Compliance limit for portable drinking water, although the pH for the Cway water fall within the WHO permissible limit for portable water but the pH for borehole water is below the WHO permissible limit for portable water. The presence of some heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cd, Fe, Ni) were also detected in the analysis which will be toxic to human being and the environment at high concentration.
VL  - 1
IS  - 6
ER  -

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