The Ethio-Eritrean Post-War Stalemate: An Assessment on the Causes and Prospects

Kidanu Atinafu; Endalcachew Bayeh

doi:doi:10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15

| Peer-Reviewed

The Ethio-Eritrean Post-War Stalemate: An Assessment on the Causes and Prospects

Kidanu Atinafu, Endalcachew Bayeh

Published in Humanities and Social Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 2)

Received: 16 February 2015 Accepted: 3 March 2015 Published: 13 March 2015

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

The people of Eritrea declared their formal independence from Ethiopia after majority of its populations voted in favor of separation in the 1993 referendum. Since the secession, governments of the two countries forged cordial relations and concluded different agreements to regulate their bilateral relations. However, the alliances formed and agreements signed were far from promising and short lived. The various divergences observed in socio-economic and political fields bedeviled their relations which later led for an all-out war of the 1998-2000. Though the war was ended with signing of the Algiers Agreement in 2000, the relations between the two countries for the last fourteen years remained hostile and at the core of the two countries’ hostility is border issue that moved the two countries into different infringes. This piece of paper attempts to uncover the factors accompanying the Ethio-Eritrean post-war impasses and the future prospects.

Published in	Humanities and Social Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15
Page(s)	96-101
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Stalemate, War, Destabilization, Peace, Normalization

References

[1]	Abbink, Jon (1998). “Briefing: The Ethiopian and Eritrean Border Dispute”, African Affairs, Vol. 97, No. 389, Pp. 551-556.
[2]	Abbink, Jon (2003a). "Ethiopia-Eritrea: Proxy Wars and Prospects of Peace in the Horn of Africa", Journal of Contemporary African Studies, Vol. 21, No. 3, Pp. 408-425.
[3]	Abbink, Jon (2003b). “Badme and the Ethio- Eritrean Border: The Challenge of Demarcation in the Post War Period.” Africa: Rivista trimestrale di studi e documentazione dell’Istituto italiano per l’Africae l’Oriente, Vol, 58, No. 2, Pp. 221-231.
[4]	Ahmar, Moonis (1984). "The Eritrean Struggle for Emancipation", Pakistan Horizon, Vol. 37, No. 3, Pp. 49-64.
[5]	Bahru Zewde (2006). "Eritrea and Ethiopia: In quest of a culture of peace and dialogue", in Leenco Lata (ed.), The Search for Peace: the Conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea, proceedings of the scholarly conference on Ethiopia – Eritrea conflict, Oslo, Norway 6-7 July 2006.
[6]	Bereketeab, Redie (2010) "The Complex Roots of the Second Eritrea- Ethiopia War: Re-examining the Causes", African Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 13, No. 1/2, Pp. 15-59.
[7]	Berhane Woldegabriel (2006). "Eritrea: A War for National Unity", in Leenco Lata (ed.), The Search for Peace: the Conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea, proceedings of the scholarly conference on Ethiopia – Eritrea conflict, Oslo, Norway 6-7 July 2006.
[8]	Ciampi, Gabriele (2001). "Cartographic Problems of the Eritrea-Ethiopian Border", Africa LVI, Vol. 56, No. 2, Pp. 155-189.
[9]	Dima Noggo Sarbo (2006). "Ethiopia and Eritrea: Short-Sighted Solution, Long Term Problems", in Leenco Lata (ed.), The Search for Peace: the Conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea, proceedings of the scholarly conference on Ethiopia – Eritrea conflict, Oslo, Norway 6-7 July 2006.
[10]	Gebru Asrat (2006) "Towards a Sustainable Peace between Ethiopia and Eritrea", in Leenco Lata (ed.), The Search for Peace: the Conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea, proceedings of the scholarly conference on Ethiopia – Eritrea conflict, Oslo, Norway 6-7 July 2006.
[11]	Gilkes, Patrick (1999). "Ethiopia -Perspectives of Conflict 1991-1999", Switzerland: Swiss Peace Foundation.
[12]	Healy, Sally (2007). "Eritrea’s Economic Survival: Summary record of a conference held on 20 April 2007", London: the Royal Institute of International Affairs.
[13]	Healy, Sally and Plaut, Martin (2007). "Ethiopia and Eritrea: Allergic to Persuasion", Briefing paper, London: The Royal Institute of International Affairs.
[14]	International Crisis Group -ICG (2003). "Ethiopia and Eritrea: War or Peace?", Africa Report, No. 68.
[15]	International Crisis Group-ICG (2005). "Ethiopia and Eritrea: Preventing War", Africa Report, No.101.
[16]	International Crisis Group-ICG (2010). "Eritrea: The Siege State", Africa Report, No.163.
[17]	Kalewongel Minale (2008). "Ethiopia and Eritrea: the Quest for Peace and Normalizations", Unpublished MA Thesis, University of Tromsø, Norway.
[18]	Kassahun Berhanu (2010). "The Ethiopian Transition in Regional Perspective: Election processes, Liberation movements and Democratic change in Africa", Conference Paper presented at Maputo, 8-11 April 2010.
[19]	Kidane Mengisteab (2011). "Critical Factors in the Horn of Africa's Raging Conflicts", Discussion Paper, Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet.
[20]	Kidist Mulugeta (2011). "The Ethiopian-Eritrean War of 1998–2000: An Analysis of its Causes, Course, Impacts and Prospects", in Roba Sharamo and Berouk Mesfin (eds.), Regional Security in the post-Cold War Horn of Africa, Institute for Security Studies.
[21]	Leenco Lata (2006). “Introduction”, in Leenco Lata (ed.), The Search for Peace: the Conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea, proceedings of the scholarly conference on Ethiopia – Eritrea conflict, Oslo, Norway 6-7 July 2006.
[22]	Lobban, Richard (1976). "The Eritrean War: Issues and Implications", Canadian Journal of African Studies, Vol.10, No. 2, Pp. 335-346.
[23]	Medhane Tadesse (1999). The Eritrean-Ethiopian War: Retrospect and Prospect; Addis Ababa: Mega printing press.
[24]	Merera Gudina (2007). "Party Politics, Political Polarization and the Future of Ethiopian Democracy", Western Michigan University.
[25]	Ogbazghi, Petros B. (2011). "Personal Rule in Africa: The Case of Eritrea", African Studies Quarterly, Volume 12, Issue 2.
[26]	Plaut, Martin (2005/2006); "Ethiopia and Eritrea: Returning to War?", International Journal of Ethiopian Studies, Vol. 2, No. 1/2, Pp. 179-194. Pp. 15-59.
[27]	Solomon Ayele D. (2004). "Ethiopian-Eritrean Relations: Reading the Balance Sheet", Situation Report, Institute for Security Studies (ISS).
[28]	Tekeste Negash and Tronvoll, Kjetil (2000). Brothers at War: Making Sense of the Eritrea – Ethiopian War, Oxford: James Currey.
[29]	Wondwosen Teshome (2009). "Ethiopian Opposition Political Parties and Rebel Fronts: Past and Present", International Journal of Human and Social Sciences, Vol. 4, No.1, Pp.60-68.
[30]	Young, John (1996). "The Tigray and the Eritrean People's Liberation Fronts: a History of Tensions and Pragmatism", The Journal of Modern African Studies, 34(1), Pp. 105-120.
[31]	Young, John_(1997). Peasant Revolution in Ethiopia: The Tigray People`s Liberation Front, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Kidanu Atinafu, Endalcachew Bayeh. (2015). The Ethio-Eritrean Post-War Stalemate: An Assessment on the Causes and Prospects. Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(2), 96-101. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Kidanu Atinafu; Endalcachew Bayeh. The Ethio-Eritrean Post-War Stalemate: An Assessment on the Causes and Prospects. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2015, 3(2), 96-101. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Kidanu Atinafu, Endalcachew Bayeh. The Ethio-Eritrean Post-War Stalemate: An Assessment on the Causes and Prospects. Humanit Soc Sci. 2015;3(2):96-101. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15,
  author = {Kidanu Atinafu and Endalcachew Bayeh},
  title = {The Ethio-Eritrean Post-War Stalemate: An Assessment on the Causes and Prospects},
  journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {96-101},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hss.20150302.15},
  abstract = {The people of Eritrea declared their formal independence from Ethiopia after majority of its populations voted in favor of separation in the 1993 referendum. Since the secession, governments of the two countries forged cordial relations and concluded different agreements to regulate their bilateral relations. However, the alliances formed and agreements signed were far from promising and short lived. The various divergences observed in socio-economic and political fields bedeviled their relations which later led for an all-out war of the 1998-2000. Though the war was ended with signing of the Algiers Agreement in 2000, the relations between the two countries for the last fourteen years remained hostile and at the core of the two countries’ hostility is border issue that moved the two countries into different infringes. This piece of paper attempts to uncover the factors accompanying the Ethio-Eritrean post-war impasses and the future prospects.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Ethio-Eritrean Post-War Stalemate: An Assessment on the Causes and Prospects
AU  - Kidanu Atinafu
AU  - Endalcachew Bayeh
Y1  - 2015/03/13
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15
T2  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JF  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JO  - Humanities and Social Sciences
SP  - 96
EP  - 101
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8184
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15
AB  - The people of Eritrea declared their formal independence from Ethiopia after majority of its populations voted in favor of separation in the 1993 referendum. Since the secession, governments of the two countries forged cordial relations and concluded different agreements to regulate their bilateral relations. However, the alliances formed and agreements signed were far from promising and short lived. The various divergences observed in socio-economic and political fields bedeviled their relations which later led for an all-out war of the 1998-2000. Though the war was ended with signing of the Algiers Agreement in 2000, the relations between the two countries for the last fourteen years remained hostile and at the core of the two countries’ hostility is border issue that moved the two countries into different infringes. This piece of paper attempts to uncover the factors accompanying the Ethio-Eritrean post-war impasses and the future prospects.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Kidanu Atinafu

Department of Civic and Ethical Studies, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
Endalcachew Bayeh

Department of Civic and Ethical Studies, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Kidanu Atinafu, Endalcachew Bayeh. (2015). The Ethio-Eritrean Post-War Stalemate: An Assessment on the Causes and Prospects. Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(2), 96-101. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Kidanu Atinafu; Endalcachew Bayeh. The Ethio-Eritrean Post-War Stalemate: An Assessment on the Causes and Prospects. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2015, 3(2), 96-101. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Kidanu Atinafu, Endalcachew Bayeh. The Ethio-Eritrean Post-War Stalemate: An Assessment on the Causes and Prospects. Humanit Soc Sci. 2015;3(2):96-101. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15,
  author = {Kidanu Atinafu and Endalcachew Bayeh},
  title = {The Ethio-Eritrean Post-War Stalemate: An Assessment on the Causes and Prospects},
  journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {96-101},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hss.20150302.15},
  abstract = {The people of Eritrea declared their formal independence from Ethiopia after majority of its populations voted in favor of separation in the 1993 referendum. Since the secession, governments of the two countries forged cordial relations and concluded different agreements to regulate their bilateral relations. However, the alliances formed and agreements signed were far from promising and short lived. The various divergences observed in socio-economic and political fields bedeviled their relations which later led for an all-out war of the 1998-2000. Though the war was ended with signing of the Algiers Agreement in 2000, the relations between the two countries for the last fourteen years remained hostile and at the core of the two countries’ hostility is border issue that moved the two countries into different infringes. This piece of paper attempts to uncover the factors accompanying the Ethio-Eritrean post-war impasses and the future prospects.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Ethio-Eritrean Post-War Stalemate: An Assessment on the Causes and Prospects
AU  - Kidanu Atinafu
AU  - Endalcachew Bayeh
Y1  - 2015/03/13
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15
T2  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JF  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JO  - Humanities and Social Sciences
SP  - 96
EP  - 101
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8184
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150302.15
AB  - The people of Eritrea declared their formal independence from Ethiopia after majority of its populations voted in favor of separation in the 1993 referendum. Since the secession, governments of the two countries forged cordial relations and concluded different agreements to regulate their bilateral relations. However, the alliances formed and agreements signed were far from promising and short lived. The various divergences observed in socio-economic and political fields bedeviled their relations which later led for an all-out war of the 1998-2000. Though the war was ended with signing of the Algiers Agreement in 2000, the relations between the two countries for the last fourteen years remained hostile and at the core of the two countries’ hostility is border issue that moved the two countries into different infringes. This piece of paper attempts to uncover the factors accompanying the Ethio-Eritrean post-war impasses and the future prospects.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download