Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies on the Removal of Safranin-O from Waste Water Using Activated Carbons Derived from Coconut Shell and Pineapple Peel

Jibrin Mohammed; Ufaruna Idrisu Noah; Isah Jibrin; Kabiru Suleiman Madaki; Stephen Ingedu Audu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies on the Removal of Safranin-O from Waste Water Using Activated Carbons Derived from Coconut Shell and Pineapple Peel

Jibrin Mohammed, Ufaruna Idrisu Noah, Isah Jibrin, Kabiru Suleiman Madaki, Stephen Ingedu Audu

Published in American Journal of Physical Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 1)

Received: 14 December 2018 Accepted: 9 January 2019 Published: 30 January 2019

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

This work is aimed at comparing the adsorption capacities of the activated carbons derived from coconut shell and pineapple peels using Safranin-O as adsorbate. Physical activation method was employed to generate the activated carbons using phosphoric acid (H₃ PO₄) as activating agent. Batch adsorption experiment was employed for the adsorption process. Effects of experimental factors such as adsorbent dosage, inititial Safranin-O dye concentration, pH and contact time on the adsorption process were examined. The results showed that the adsorption capacities were dependent on these factors. Langmuir and Freundlich Isotherms Models were applied and the results indicated that both models fitted well with the observed data but Freundlich Model fitted better. Pseudo first and second order kinetic models were also applied to describe the adsorption kinetic, only the second order model fitted well with the experimental data. Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy change (∆H), Gibb’s free energy change (∆G) and entropy change (∆S) were evaluated using Van’t Hoff equations, both the free energy and enthalpy change were found to be negative indicating the feasibility and exorthermic nature of the adsorption process respectively. While the entropy change was found to be positive indicating that the degree of dispersion in the adsorption process increased with increase in temperature, Based on the results obtained from this research work, the activated carbon derived from coconut shell (CSAC) showed better adsorbent when compared with the one derived from pineapple peel (PPAC) as CSAC recorded the highest percentage of Safranin-O dye removal from waste water under all the experimental conditions.

Published in	American Journal of Physical Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11
Page(s)	1-10
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Safranin-O, Removal, Activated Carbon, Coconut Shell, Pineapple Peel

References

[1]	Mohammed, M. A., Ibrahim, A. & Shitu, A. (2014). Batch removal of hazardous Safranin-O in wastewater using pineapple peels as an agricultural waste based adsorbent. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 2(3), 128-133.
[2]	Malik, R. Ramteke, Wat, D. S. & Erl, S. R. (2007). Adsorption of malachite green on groundnut shell waste based powdered activated carbon. Waste Management, 27(9), 1129-1138.
[3]	Abdul Wahab, O., El-Nemr, A., El-Sikaily, A. & Khaled, A. (2005). Use of rice husk for adsorption of direct dyes from aqueous solution: A case study of direct f. scarlet. Egypt. Journal of Aquatic Research, 3(1), 1110-1354.
[4]	Abdullah, L. A. G., Mohd, Salleh, Siti, Mazlina, Mohd-Noor, J. M. & Osman, M. R. (2005). Azo dye removal by adsorption using waste biomass: Sugarcane bagasse. Int. Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2(1), 8-13.
[5]	Aci, F., Nebioglu, M., Arslan, M., Imamoglu, M., Zengin, M. & Kucukislamoglu, M. (2008). Preparation of activated carbon from sugar beet molasses and adsorption of methylene blue. Environmental Bulletin, 17, 997-1001.
[6]	Ansari, R. & Mosayebzadeh, Z. (2010). Removal of basic dye methylene blue from aqueous solutions using sawdust and sawdust coated with polypyrrole. J. Iran. Chem. Soc., 7 (2), 339-350.
[7]	Basar, C. A. (2006). Applicability of the various adsorption models of three dyes adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from waste apricot. J. Hazard Matter, 135, 232-241.
[8]	Bayazi, S. (2013). “Investigation of Safranin-Oadsorption on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) and multi-wall carbon nanotube /SPION Composites,” Desalin. Water Treat. pp. 1–10.
[9]	Babel, S. & Kurniawan, T. A. (2004). Cr(VI) Removal From Synthetic Wastewater using Coconut Shell Charcoal and Commercial Activated Carbon Modified with Oxidizing Agents and/or Chitosan. Chemosphere, 54, 951–967.
[10]	Aksu, Z. (2001). Equilibrium and kinetics modeling of cadmium (II) biosorption by C. Vulgaris in a batch system: Effect of temperatures. Sep. and Purif. Tech., 21, 285-294.
[11]	Arivoli, S. & Thenkuzhali, M.( 2008). Kinetic, mechanistic, thermodynamic and equilibrium studies on the adsorption of rhodamine B by acid activated lowcost carbon. E-jour. Chem., 5(2), 187-200.
[12]	Bansal, M., Singh, D., Garg, V. K. & Rose, P. (2009). Equilibrium and kinetic studies on the adsorption of methylene blue using orange peels activated carbon. Int. Journal of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, 1(2), 108 – 114.
[13]	Kardivelu, K., Kavipriya, M., Karthika, C., Radhika, M. Vennilamani, N. a& Pattabhi, S. (2003). Utilization of various agricultural wastes for activated carbon preparation and application for the removal of dyes and metal ions from aqueous solutions. Bioresoruce Technology, 87(1), 129-132.
[14]	AOAC, (1990). Association of Official Analylical Chemist. Official Method of Analysis 15th Edn. Washinton D. C 147-158.
[15]	Gupta, R. & Mohapatra, H. (2003). Microial Biomass: An Economical Alternative for Removal of heavy metals from waste water. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 41, 945 – 966.
[16]	Itodo, U. A. (2010). Comparative studies on the preparation, adsorption and evaluation of activated carbon from selected animals and agricultural wastes. a PhD thesis, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.
[17]	Al-Othman, Z. A., Ali, R. & Navshat, Mu.(2012). Hexavalent chromium removal from aqeuous medium by activated carbon prepared from peanut shell: Adsorption kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies. Chemical Engineering Journal, 184, 238 – 247.
[18]	Andre, L. Cazetta, Alexandro, M. M., Vargas, Eurica, Nogami, M., Marcos, H. Kunita, Tais, L. Silva, et al.(2011). NaOH – activated carbon of high surface area produced from coconut shell: Kinetic and equilibrium studies from the methylene blue adsorption. Chemical Engineering Journal, 174, 117-125.
[19]	Emad, N. El-Qada, Stephen, J. Allen, Gavin, M. Walker (2006). Adsorption of methylene blue onto activated carbon produced from steam activated bituminous coal: A study of equilibrium adsorption isotherm. Chemical Engineering Journal, 124, 103 – 110.
[20]	Ahmad, A. A. & Hameed, B. H. (2009). Reduction of COD and colour of dyeing effluent from a cotton textile mill by adsorption onto bamboo-based activated carbon. J. Hazard. Mater. 172, – 154.
[21]	Nadeem, R., Hanif, M. A., Shaheen, F., Perveen, S., Zafar, M. N., & Iqbal, T. (2008). Physical and chemical modification of distillery sludge for Pb(II) biosorption. Journal of Hazardous Material, 150, 335 –342.
[22]	Okoli, C. A., Onukwuli, O. D., Okey-Onyesolu, C. F. & Okoye, C. C. (2015). Adsorptive removal of dyes from synthetic wastewater using activated carbon from tamarind seed. European Scientific Journal, 11(18), 1857-1859.
[23]	Robinson, T., Chandran, B. & Nigam, P. (2002). Studies on desorption of individual textile dyes and synthetic dye effluent from dye adsorbed-agricultural residues using solvents. Bioresour Technol, 84, 299–301.
[24]	Savas, Sener (2008). Use of solid waste of the soda ash plant as an adsorbent for the removal of anionic dye: Equilibrium and kineticstudies. Chemical Engineering Journal, 138, 207 – 214.
[25]	Ponnusami, V., Vikiram, S. & Srivastava, S. N. (2008). Guava psidium guajava leaf powder: Novel adsorbent for removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions. J Hazard Maters, 152, 276–286.
[26]	Edokpayi, O., Osemwenkhae, O; Ayodele, B. V; Ossai, J., Fadilat, S. A., Ogbeide, S. E(2018). Batch Adsorption Study of Methylene Blue in Aqueous Solution using Activated Carbons from Rice Husk and Coconut Shell. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage, Vol. 22(5)63– 635.
[27]	Dalia, K. Maamoud, Mohammad, Amran, Mohasalleh, W. Azlina, Wari, A. Karima, A. Idris & Zurina, Z. Abidin (2012). Batch adsorption of basic dye using acid treated fibre char: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Chemical Engineering Journal 181, 449 – 457.
[28]	Ejikeme, M. Ebere, Ejikeme, P. C. N., Abalu, Benjamin. N. (2014). Equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamic studies on MB adsorption using hamburger seed shell activated carbon. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 14(3), 74-83.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Jibrin Mohammed, Ufaruna Idrisu Noah, Isah Jibrin, Kabiru Suleiman Madaki, Stephen Ingedu Audu. (2019). Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies on the Removal of Safranin-O from Waste Water Using Activated Carbons Derived from Coconut Shell and Pineapple Peel. American Journal of Physical Chemistry, 8(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Jibrin Mohammed; Ufaruna Idrisu Noah; Isah Jibrin; Kabiru Suleiman Madaki; Stephen Ingedu Audu. Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies on the Removal of Safranin-O from Waste Water Using Activated Carbons Derived from Coconut Shell and Pineapple Peel. Am. J. Phys. Chem. 2019, 8(1), 1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Jibrin Mohammed, Ufaruna Idrisu Noah, Isah Jibrin, Kabiru Suleiman Madaki, Stephen Ingedu Audu. Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies on the Removal of Safranin-O from Waste Water Using Activated Carbons Derived from Coconut Shell and Pineapple Peel. Am J Phys Chem. 2019;8(1):1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11,
  author = {Jibrin Mohammed and Ufaruna Idrisu Noah and Isah Jibrin and Kabiru Suleiman Madaki and Stephen Ingedu Audu},
  title = {Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies on the Removal of Safranin-O from Waste Water Using Activated Carbons Derived from Coconut Shell and Pineapple Peel},
  journal = {American Journal of Physical Chemistry},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-10},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpc.20190801.11},
  abstract = {This work is aimed at comparing the adsorption capacities of the activated carbons derived from coconut shell and pineapple peels using Safranin-O as adsorbate. Physical activation method was employed to generate the activated carbons using phosphoric acid (H3 PO4) as activating agent. Batch adsorption experiment was employed for the adsorption process. Effects of experimental factors such as adsorbent dosage, inititial Safranin-O dye concentration, pH and contact time on the adsorption process were examined. The results showed that the adsorption capacities were dependent on these factors. Langmuir and Freundlich Isotherms Models were applied and the results indicated that both models fitted well with the observed data but Freundlich Model fitted better. Pseudo first and second order kinetic models were also applied to describe the adsorption kinetic, only the second order model fitted well with the experimental data. Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy change (∆H), Gibb’s free energy change (∆G) and entropy change (∆S) were evaluated using Van’t Hoff equations, both the free energy and enthalpy change were found to be negative indicating the feasibility and exorthermic nature of the adsorption process respectively. While the entropy change was found to be positive indicating that the degree of dispersion in the adsorption process increased with increase in temperature, Based on the results obtained from this research work, the activated carbon derived from coconut shell (CSAC) showed better adsorbent when compared with the one derived from pineapple peel (PPAC) as CSAC recorded the highest percentage of Safranin-O dye removal from waste water under all the experimental conditions.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies on the Removal of Safranin-O from Waste Water Using Activated Carbons Derived from Coconut Shell and Pineapple Peel
AU  - Jibrin Mohammed
AU  - Ufaruna Idrisu Noah
AU  - Isah Jibrin
AU  - Kabiru Suleiman Madaki
AU  - Stephen Ingedu Audu
Y1  - 2019/01/30
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11
T2  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2449
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11
AB  - This work is aimed at comparing the adsorption capacities of the activated carbons derived from coconut shell and pineapple peels using Safranin-O as adsorbate. Physical activation method was employed to generate the activated carbons using phosphoric acid (H3 PO4) as activating agent. Batch adsorption experiment was employed for the adsorption process. Effects of experimental factors such as adsorbent dosage, inititial Safranin-O dye concentration, pH and contact time on the adsorption process were examined. The results showed that the adsorption capacities were dependent on these factors. Langmuir and Freundlich Isotherms Models were applied and the results indicated that both models fitted well with the observed data but Freundlich Model fitted better. Pseudo first and second order kinetic models were also applied to describe the adsorption kinetic, only the second order model fitted well with the experimental data. Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy change (∆H), Gibb’s free energy change (∆G) and entropy change (∆S) were evaluated using Van’t Hoff equations, both the free energy and enthalpy change were found to be negative indicating the feasibility and exorthermic nature of the adsorption process respectively. While the entropy change was found to be positive indicating that the degree of dispersion in the adsorption process increased with increase in temperature, Based on the results obtained from this research work, the activated carbon derived from coconut shell (CSAC) showed better adsorbent when compared with the one derived from pineapple peel (PPAC) as CSAC recorded the highest percentage of Safranin-O dye removal from waste water under all the experimental conditions.
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Jibrin Mohammed

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural & Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
Ufaruna Idrisu Noah

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural & Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
Isah Jibrin

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural & Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
Kabiru Suleiman Madaki

Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Natural & Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
Stephen Ingedu Audu

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural & Applied Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Jibrin Mohammed, Ufaruna Idrisu Noah, Isah Jibrin, Kabiru Suleiman Madaki, Stephen Ingedu Audu. (2019). Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies on the Removal of Safranin-O from Waste Water Using Activated Carbons Derived from Coconut Shell and Pineapple Peel. American Journal of Physical Chemistry, 8(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Jibrin Mohammed; Ufaruna Idrisu Noah; Isah Jibrin; Kabiru Suleiman Madaki; Stephen Ingedu Audu. Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies on the Removal of Safranin-O from Waste Water Using Activated Carbons Derived from Coconut Shell and Pineapple Peel. Am. J. Phys. Chem. 2019, 8(1), 1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Jibrin Mohammed, Ufaruna Idrisu Noah, Isah Jibrin, Kabiru Suleiman Madaki, Stephen Ingedu Audu. Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies on the Removal of Safranin-O from Waste Water Using Activated Carbons Derived from Coconut Shell and Pineapple Peel. Am J Phys Chem. 2019;8(1):1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11,
  author = {Jibrin Mohammed and Ufaruna Idrisu Noah and Isah Jibrin and Kabiru Suleiman Madaki and Stephen Ingedu Audu},
  title = {Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies on the Removal of Safranin-O from Waste Water Using Activated Carbons Derived from Coconut Shell and Pineapple Peel},
  journal = {American Journal of Physical Chemistry},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-10},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpc.20190801.11},
  abstract = {This work is aimed at comparing the adsorption capacities of the activated carbons derived from coconut shell and pineapple peels using Safranin-O as adsorbate. Physical activation method was employed to generate the activated carbons using phosphoric acid (H3 PO4) as activating agent. Batch adsorption experiment was employed for the adsorption process. Effects of experimental factors such as adsorbent dosage, inititial Safranin-O dye concentration, pH and contact time on the adsorption process were examined. The results showed that the adsorption capacities were dependent on these factors. Langmuir and Freundlich Isotherms Models were applied and the results indicated that both models fitted well with the observed data but Freundlich Model fitted better. Pseudo first and second order kinetic models were also applied to describe the adsorption kinetic, only the second order model fitted well with the experimental data. Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy change (∆H), Gibb’s free energy change (∆G) and entropy change (∆S) were evaluated using Van’t Hoff equations, both the free energy and enthalpy change were found to be negative indicating the feasibility and exorthermic nature of the adsorption process respectively. While the entropy change was found to be positive indicating that the degree of dispersion in the adsorption process increased with increase in temperature, Based on the results obtained from this research work, the activated carbon derived from coconut shell (CSAC) showed better adsorbent when compared with the one derived from pineapple peel (PPAC) as CSAC recorded the highest percentage of Safranin-O dye removal from waste water under all the experimental conditions.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies on the Removal of Safranin-O from Waste Water Using Activated Carbons Derived from Coconut Shell and Pineapple Peel
AU  - Jibrin Mohammed
AU  - Ufaruna Idrisu Noah
AU  - Isah Jibrin
AU  - Kabiru Suleiman Madaki
AU  - Stephen Ingedu Audu
Y1  - 2019/01/30
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11
T2  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2449
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20190801.11
AB  - This work is aimed at comparing the adsorption capacities of the activated carbons derived from coconut shell and pineapple peels using Safranin-O as adsorbate. Physical activation method was employed to generate the activated carbons using phosphoric acid (H3 PO4) as activating agent. Batch adsorption experiment was employed for the adsorption process. Effects of experimental factors such as adsorbent dosage, inititial Safranin-O dye concentration, pH and contact time on the adsorption process were examined. The results showed that the adsorption capacities were dependent on these factors. Langmuir and Freundlich Isotherms Models were applied and the results indicated that both models fitted well with the observed data but Freundlich Model fitted better. Pseudo first and second order kinetic models were also applied to describe the adsorption kinetic, only the second order model fitted well with the experimental data. Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy change (∆H), Gibb’s free energy change (∆G) and entropy change (∆S) were evaluated using Van’t Hoff equations, both the free energy and enthalpy change were found to be negative indicating the feasibility and exorthermic nature of the adsorption process respectively. While the entropy change was found to be positive indicating that the degree of dispersion in the adsorption process increased with increase in temperature, Based on the results obtained from this research work, the activated carbon derived from coconut shell (CSAC) showed better adsorbent when compared with the one derived from pineapple peel (PPAC) as CSAC recorded the highest percentage of Safranin-O dye removal from waste water under all the experimental conditions.
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download