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Illegal Plant Genetic Resource Trafficking in the Border Villages of Kafta Humera Wereda, Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia

Received: 3 May 2017     Accepted: 24 May 2017     Published: 31 July 2017
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Abstract

A survey to identify illegal plant genetic resource trafficking was made from Febrary 2017 to March 2017 in Kafta Humera wereda, Tigray regional state, northern Ethiopia. Semi- structured interviews, structured questionnaires; focus group discussion and document analysis were used for data collection. A total of seventy one informants from local security, local community federal policies and custom and revenue officers were interviewed. Snowball sampling was used to select the local community and local security while the rest informant was purposely selected. Microsoft excel spreadsheet and Spss version 20 was used to analyze data. The Leave of Rhamnus prinoides together with its fruits, and fruits of Adansonia didgitata are the frequently exported plant and plant derivatives through illegal route. These plant biogenetic resources are exported to Sudan and Eritrea both by illegally and legally coverage. The awareness of the informants participated in the interview on illegal biogenetic resource trafficking varies from site to site and from sector to sector. The main illegal route whereby illegal traffickers use to export plant and plant derivative are Maytselot, Menkerker, Awezruf, endaaboy Tewelde garden and Haji Abdugarden. Most of the traffickers are unemployed youth that live in and around the border. The existing gap in community awareness needs awareness raising and alternative job opportunities creations. The link between different stakeholders also needs solidarity to accomplish consistent controlling mechanism.

Published in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.aff.20170604.14
Page(s) 130-137
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

IllegalRoute, Trafficker, Biogenetic, Kafta Humera, Rhamnus prinoides

References
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[3] CBD (1992). Convention on Biological Diversity. Secretariat of the convention on biological diversity: United NationsEnvironmentProgram. Montreal. Canada.
[4] Kaaria D and Muchiri M. (2011). NinthInternational Conference on Environmental Complianceand Enforcement. Pp 204-208.
[5] Patton, M. (1990) Qualitative evaluation and research methods, sage Publications, Newbury Park, California. Pp. 169-186.
[6] G. P. P. Kamatou, I. Vermaak, A. M. Viljoen An updated review of Adansonia digitata: A commerciallyimportant African treeSouth African Journal of Botany 77(2011)908–919 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
[7] Washa B. Washa 2014 A Review of the Literature of Dalbergia melanoxylon International Journal of Plant and Forestry Sciences Vol. 1, No. 1, PP: 1-6 Availableonlineat http://www.ijpfs.com/
[8] Abdalbasit Adam, Noha Mohammed Fadl, Fatima Omer, Alfatih Ahmed.Ethnobotanical study of three trees: indigenous knowledge on trees used as cosmetic in Khartoum state, SudanAsian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Vol 4 (4 ) 2014, pp178-182.
[9] Marshall, N. T. 1998. Searching for a cure, Conservation of medicinal wildlife resources in East and Southern Africa. TRAFFIVnetwork report.
[10] Endashaw Bekele. 2007. Study on actualsituation of medicinal plants of Ethiopia. Http//www:endashaw.com.
[11] Edeget Merawi, Ashenafi Ayenew, Fikremariam Ghion. SurveyingIllegal Access to Genetic Resources: A Case Study in Borena Zone, Southern, Ethiopia. International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management. Vol. 1, No. 4, 2016, pp.162-170. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.13
[12] Mirutse G; Zemede A; Elmquist T; Zerihun W. (2003). An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the Zay people in Ethiopia. J. Ethnopharmacology, 85 (1):43-52.
[13] Haile Y; Delensaw Y. (2007). Traditional medicinal plant knowledge and use bylocal healers in Sekoru District, Jimma Zone, South western Ethiopia. J. Ethnobiol. AndEthnomed, 3:3-24.
[14] Balcha A. Medicinal plants used in traditional medicine by Oromo people, Ghimbi District, South WesternEthiopia. Journal of Ethnobiologyand Ethnomedicine, 2014, 10:40-50.
[15] Fitsumbirhan Tewelde. Marketable Medicinal, Edible and Spice Plants in Endasilase-Shire District Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia) Article in Press: -http://sciencedomain. org/journal/46/articles press
[16] Getachew Mulualem, Weldemariam Tesfahunegny. Contemporary Status of Illicit Wildlife Genetic Resource Trafficking: Future Policy, Legal and Institutional Consideration of Sustainable Wildlife Conservation in Ethiopia, Journal of Zoology Studies 2016; 3(4): 91-10.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Fitsumbirhan Tewelde. (2017). Illegal Plant Genetic Resource Trafficking in the Border Villages of Kafta Humera Wereda, Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 6(4), 130-137. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20170604.14

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    ACS Style

    Fitsumbirhan Tewelde. Illegal Plant Genetic Resource Trafficking in the Border Villages of Kafta Humera Wereda, Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia. Agric. For. Fish. 2017, 6(4), 130-137. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20170604.14

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    AMA Style

    Fitsumbirhan Tewelde. Illegal Plant Genetic Resource Trafficking in the Border Villages of Kafta Humera Wereda, Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia. Agric For Fish. 2017;6(4):130-137. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20170604.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.aff.20170604.14,
      author = {Fitsumbirhan Tewelde},
      title = {Illegal Plant Genetic Resource Trafficking in the Border Villages of Kafta Humera Wereda, Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia},
      journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
      volume = {6},
      number = {4},
      pages = {130-137},
      doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20170604.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20170604.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20170604.14},
      abstract = {A survey to identify illegal plant genetic resource trafficking was made from Febrary 2017 to March 2017 in Kafta Humera wereda, Tigray regional state, northern Ethiopia. Semi- structured interviews, structured questionnaires; focus group discussion and document analysis were used for data collection. A total of seventy one informants from local security, local community federal policies and custom and revenue officers were interviewed. Snowball sampling was used to select the local community and local security while the rest informant was purposely selected. Microsoft excel spreadsheet and Spss version 20 was used to analyze data. The Leave of Rhamnus prinoides together with its fruits, and fruits of Adansonia didgitata are the frequently exported plant and plant derivatives through illegal route. These plant biogenetic resources are exported to Sudan and Eritrea both by illegally and legally coverage. The awareness of the informants participated in the interview on illegal biogenetic resource trafficking varies from site to site and from sector to sector. The main illegal route whereby illegal traffickers use to export plant and plant derivative are Maytselot, Menkerker, Awezruf, endaaboy Tewelde garden and Haji Abdugarden. Most of the traffickers are unemployed youth that live in and around the border. The existing gap in community awareness needs awareness raising and alternative job opportunities creations. The link between different stakeholders also needs solidarity to accomplish consistent controlling mechanism.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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    JO  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
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    AB  - A survey to identify illegal plant genetic resource trafficking was made from Febrary 2017 to March 2017 in Kafta Humera wereda, Tigray regional state, northern Ethiopia. Semi- structured interviews, structured questionnaires; focus group discussion and document analysis were used for data collection. A total of seventy one informants from local security, local community federal policies and custom and revenue officers were interviewed. Snowball sampling was used to select the local community and local security while the rest informant was purposely selected. Microsoft excel spreadsheet and Spss version 20 was used to analyze data. The Leave of Rhamnus prinoides together with its fruits, and fruits of Adansonia didgitata are the frequently exported plant and plant derivatives through illegal route. These plant biogenetic resources are exported to Sudan and Eritrea both by illegally and legally coverage. The awareness of the informants participated in the interview on illegal biogenetic resource trafficking varies from site to site and from sector to sector. The main illegal route whereby illegal traffickers use to export plant and plant derivative are Maytselot, Menkerker, Awezruf, endaaboy Tewelde garden and Haji Abdugarden. Most of the traffickers are unemployed youth that live in and around the border. The existing gap in community awareness needs awareness raising and alternative job opportunities creations. The link between different stakeholders also needs solidarity to accomplish consistent controlling mechanism.
    VL  - 6
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Author Information
  • Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute, Mekelle Center, Forest and Range Land Biodiversity Case Team, Mekelle, Ethiopia

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