Adaptation of Women to Climate Variability in the Southern Slopes of the Rumpi Hills of Cameroon

Mukete Beckline; Sun Yujun; Samuel Ayonghe; Ojong Loveline Etta; Itoe Constantine; Tamungang Richard

doi:doi:10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19

| Peer-Reviewed

Adaptation of Women to Climate Variability in the Southern Slopes of the Rumpi Hills of Cameroon

Mukete Beckline, Sun Yujun, Samuel Ayonghe, Ojong Loveline Etta, Itoe Constantine, Tamungang Richard

Published in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 5, Issue 6)

Received: 27 October 2016 Accepted: 9 November 2016 Published: 9 January 2017

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

In this paper, we examine the vulnerability and adaptability of women along the southern slopes of the Rumpi Hills forest, Ndian Division of Cameroon. We used primary weather data and household livelihood surveys, to identify a broad range of climate variability that combine to create different adaptation and household livelihood outcomes. We used this information to explore the ways in which livelihoods have changed and adapted over a 38 year period (1976-2014), as well as considered the factors that have contributed to these outcomes. Using this approach, we assessed 858 women across six villages, our results showed decreasing amounts of rainfall, receding forests, increasing temperatures and water scarcity, and increasing costs of living. We also found that, despite adjusting sowing dates, adopting petty trading and changing cropping patterns, climate variability affects their livelihood strategies.

Published in	Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 5, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19
Page(s)	272-279
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cameroon Forests, Climate Variability, Vulnerability, Adaptation, Rumpi Hills, Rural Women Livelihood

References

[1]	Adger, W., Dessai, S., Goulden, M., Hulme, M., Lorenzoni, I., Nelson, D., Lars, O., Wolf, J and Wreford, A (2009). Are there social limits to adaptation to climate change? Climatic Change 93: 335–354.
[2]	Altrichter, H., Feldman, A., Posch, P and Somekh, B (2008). Teachers investigate their work. An introduction to action research across the professions. Routledge. p. 147. (2nd edition).
[3]	Awono, A., Ndoye, O and Preece, L (2010). Empowering Women’s Capacity for Improved Livelihoods in Non-Timber Forest Product Trade in Cameroon. International Journal of Social Forestry 3 (2): 151–163.
[4]	Birdlife International (2014). Important Bird Areas factsheet: Mount Rata and Rumpi Hills Forest Reserve. Retrieved from http://www.birdlife.orgon10/02/2014
[5]	Bounoua, L., DeFries, R., Collatz, J., Sellers, P and Khan, H (2002). Effects of land cover conversion on surface climate. Climate Change 52: 29-64.
[6]	Brown, P (2011). Gender, climate change and REDD+ in the Congo Basin forests of Central Africa. International Forestry Review 13 (2): 163-174.
[7]	Christensen, H., Carter, R., Rummukainen, M and Amanatidis, G (2007). Evaluating the performance and utility of regional climate models: the PRUDENCE project. Climate Change, doi: 10.1007/s10584-006-9211-6.
[8]	Coleman, A and Mwangi, E (2012). Women’s participation in forest management: A cross-country analysis. Global Environmental Change 23 (1): 193–205.
[9]	Demetriades, J and Esplen, E (2008). The Gender Dimensions of Poverty and Climate Change Adaptation. IDS Bulletin, Institute of Development Studies IDS Bulletin 39 (4): 24–31.
[10]	Denton, F (2002). Climate change vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation: why does gender matter? Gender and Development 10: 10–20.
[11]	Dokken, T and Angelsen, A (2015). Forest reliance across poverty groups in Tanzania. Ecological Economics, vol. 117: 203-211.
[12]	Ellis, F (2000). Rural Livelihoods and Diversity in Developing Countries, Oxford: Oxford University Press Etongo, D and Glover, K (2012). Participatory Resource Mapping for Livelihood Values Derived from the Forest in Ekondo-Titi Subregion, Cameroon: A Gender Analysis. International Journal of Forestry Research 2012. doi: 10.1155/2012/871068
[13]	FAO (2007). Adaptation to climate change in agriculture, forestry and fisheries: Perspective, framework and priorities. Interdepartmental working group on climate change, Rome, Italy.
[14]	FAO (2012). Forest management and climate change: a literature review. Forests and Climate change Working Paper No. 10. Rome, Italy.
[15]	IPCC (2007). Working Group II Fourth Assessment Report. Climate Change: Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, http://www.ipcc.ch/SPM6avr07.pdf. Retrieved 5th July, 2015.
[16]	MacGregor, S (2010). A Stranger Silence Still: The Need for Feminist Social Research on Climate Change. The Sociological Review 57: 124–140.
[17]	Maddison, D (2006). The Perception of and Adaptation to Climate Change in Africa. CEEPA. Discussion Paper No. 10. Centre for Environ. Economic and Policy in Africa. University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
[18]	Malhi, Y and Wright, J (2004). Spatial patterns and recent trends in the climate of tropical rainforest regions. Philosophical Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 359 (1443): 311-329.
[19]	Mary, A and Majule, E (2009). Impacts of climate change, variability and adaptation strategies on agriculture in semi-arid areas of Tanzania: The case of Manyoni District in Singida Region, Tanzania. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Vol. 3 (8), 206-218.
[20]	MINHUD (2005). Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, Cameroon. Population and Housing Census. Census Report. Yaoundé, Cameroon, 2005.
[21]	Molua, E and Lambi, C (2007). The Economic Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture in Cameroon. Policy Research Working Paper 4364. The World Bank Development Research Group, Sustainable Rural and Urban Development Team. September, 2007.
[22]	Mongi, H., Majule, E and Lyimo, G (2010). Vulnerability and adaptation of rain fed agriculture to climate change and variability in semi-arid Tanzania. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 4 (6) 371-381.
[23]	Mukete, B (2014). Why is Food so Scarce? An Analysis of the Ndian Food Security Crisis. http://farmlandgrab.org/23013. January, 2014. Accessed Online, 20th August, 2014.
[24]	Mukete, B and Sun, Y (2014). Evaluating the Effects of Global Environmental Changes on Ecosystems via Mycorrhizae, Soil Biota and Plant Traits. Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2 (6) 135-140.
[25]	O'Donoghue, T and Punch, K (2003). Qualitative Educational Research in Action: Doing and Reflecting. Routledge. p. 78.
[26]	Neumayer, E and Plumper, T (2007). The gendered nature of natural disasters: the impact of catastrophic events on the gender gap in life expectancy, 1981–2002. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 97 (3) 551–566.
[27]	New, M., Hewitson, B., Jack, C and Washington, R (2003). Sensitivity of southern African rainfall to soil moisture. CLIVAR Exchanges 27: 45–47.
[28]	Nicholson, S (2000). The nature of rainfall variability over Africa on time scales of decades to millennia. Global and Planetary Change 26 (1-3): Pages 137–158.
[29]	Nicholson, S (2001). Climatic and environmental change in Africa during the last two centuries. Climate Research 17: 123–144.
[30]	Nicholson, S and Grist, J (2003). The Seasonal Evolution of the Atmospheric Circulation over West Africa and Equatorial Africa. Journal of Climate 16 (7): 1013-1030.
[31]	Quan, J and Foy, T (1994). Forest Livelihoods and Forest Management in Southern Cameroon: Preparation of the Successor Project to the Forest Management and Regeneration Project, Mbalmayo, Cameroon. Natural Resources Institute, Chatham.
[32]	Rothbauer, P (2008). Triangulation. In Given, Lisa (Ed.), "The SAGE Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods." Sage Publications. pp. 892-894.
[33]	Sallu, S., Twyman, C and Stringer, L (2010). Resilient or vulnerable livelihoods? Assessing livelihood dynamics and trajectories in rural Botswana. Ecology and Society 15 (4): 3.
[34]	Seema, A (2011). Virtue and vulnerability: Discourses on women, gender and climate change. Global Environmental Change 21 (2011) 744–751.
[35]	Shackleton, S., Paumgarten, F., Kassa, H., Husselman, M. and Zida, M (2011). Opportunities for Enhancing Poor Women’s Socioeconomic Empowerment in the Value Chains of Three African Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs). International forestry Review 13 (2): 136–151.
[36]	Terry, G (2009). No Climate Justice without Gender Justice: An Overview of the Issues. Gender and Development 17 (1): 5–18.
[37]	UNDP (2007). Human development report 2007/2008: fighting climate change: human solidarity in a divided world. UNDP, New York.
[38]	UNFCCC (2006). Background papers on impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in Africa for the African Workshop on adaptation and implementation of decision 1/CPO.10 of the UNFCCC Convention Accra, Ghana 21-23.09.2006.
[39]	UNFCCC (2007). Climate Change: Impacts, Vulnerabilities and Adaptation in Developing Countries. https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/publications/impacts.pdf
[40]	Vizy, K and Cook, H (2002). Development and application of a mesoscale climate model for the tropics: Influence of sea surface temperature anomalies on the West African monsoon. J. Geophys. Res., 107 (D3), 4023, doi: 10.1029/2001JD000686.
[41]	White, F (1983). The vegetation of Africa, a descriptive memoir to accompany the UNESCO/AETFAT/UNSO Vegetation Map of Africa (3 Plates, Northwestern Africa, Northeastern Africa, and Southern Africa, 1:5,000,000). UNESCO, Paris-France.
[42]	Yerima, K and van Ranst, E (2005). Major Soil Classification Systems Used in the Tropics: Soils of Cameroon. Trafford Publishing. Ghent, Belgium 2005 p. 144.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Mukete Beckline, Sun Yujun, Samuel Ayonghe, Ojong Loveline Etta, Itoe Constantine, et al. (2017). Adaptation of Women to Climate Variability in the Southern Slopes of the Rumpi Hills of Cameroon. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 5(6), 272-279. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Mukete Beckline; Sun Yujun; Samuel Ayonghe; Ojong Loveline Etta; Itoe Constantine, et al. Adaptation of Women to Climate Variability in the Southern Slopes of the Rumpi Hills of Cameroon. Agric. For. Fish. 2017, 5(6), 272-279. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Mukete Beckline, Sun Yujun, Samuel Ayonghe, Ojong Loveline Etta, Itoe Constantine, et al. Adaptation of Women to Climate Variability in the Southern Slopes of the Rumpi Hills of Cameroon. Agric For Fish. 2017;5(6):272-279. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19,
  author = {Mukete Beckline and Sun Yujun and Samuel Ayonghe and Ojong Loveline Etta and Itoe Constantine and Tamungang Richard},
  title = {Adaptation of Women to Climate Variability in the Southern Slopes of the Rumpi Hills of Cameroon},
  journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
  volume = {5},
  number = {6},
  pages = {272-279},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20160506.19},
  abstract = {In this paper, we examine the vulnerability and adaptability of women along the southern slopes of the Rumpi Hills forest, Ndian Division of Cameroon. We used primary weather data and household livelihood surveys, to identify a broad range of climate variability that combine to create different adaptation and household livelihood outcomes. We used this information to explore the ways in which livelihoods have changed and adapted over a 38 year period (1976-2014), as well as considered the factors that have contributed to these outcomes. Using this approach, we assessed 858 women across six villages, our results showed decreasing amounts of rainfall, receding forests, increasing temperatures and water scarcity, and increasing costs of living. We also found that, despite adjusting sowing dates, adopting petty trading and changing cropping patterns, climate variability affects their livelihood strategies.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Adaptation of Women to Climate Variability in the Southern Slopes of the Rumpi Hills of Cameroon
AU  - Mukete Beckline
AU  - Sun Yujun
AU  - Samuel Ayonghe
AU  - Ojong Loveline Etta
AU  - Itoe Constantine
AU  - Tamungang Richard
Y1  - 2017/01/09
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19
DO  - 10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19
T2  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JF  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JO  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
SP  - 272
EP  - 279
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5648
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19
AB  - In this paper, we examine the vulnerability and adaptability of women along the southern slopes of the Rumpi Hills forest, Ndian Division of Cameroon. We used primary weather data and household livelihood surveys, to identify a broad range of climate variability that combine to create different adaptation and household livelihood outcomes. We used this information to explore the ways in which livelihoods have changed and adapted over a 38 year period (1976-2014), as well as considered the factors that have contributed to these outcomes. Using this approach, we assessed 858 women across six villages, our results showed decreasing amounts of rainfall, receding forests, increasing temperatures and water scarcity, and increasing costs of living. We also found that, despite adjusting sowing dates, adopting petty trading and changing cropping patterns, climate variability affects their livelihood strategies.
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Mukete Beckline

Department of Forest Management, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
Sun Yujun

Department of Forest Management, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
Samuel Ayonghe

Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
Ojong Loveline Etta

Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
Itoe Constantine

Ngoyla-Mintom Wildlife Reserve, Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife, Ngoyla, Cameroon
Tamungang Richard

Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife, Buea, Cameroon

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Mukete Beckline, Sun Yujun, Samuel Ayonghe, Ojong Loveline Etta, Itoe Constantine, et al. (2017). Adaptation of Women to Climate Variability in the Southern Slopes of the Rumpi Hills of Cameroon. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 5(6), 272-279. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Mukete Beckline; Sun Yujun; Samuel Ayonghe; Ojong Loveline Etta; Itoe Constantine, et al. Adaptation of Women to Climate Variability in the Southern Slopes of the Rumpi Hills of Cameroon. Agric. For. Fish. 2017, 5(6), 272-279. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Mukete Beckline, Sun Yujun, Samuel Ayonghe, Ojong Loveline Etta, Itoe Constantine, et al. Adaptation of Women to Climate Variability in the Southern Slopes of the Rumpi Hills of Cameroon. Agric For Fish. 2017;5(6):272-279. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19,
  author = {Mukete Beckline and Sun Yujun and Samuel Ayonghe and Ojong Loveline Etta and Itoe Constantine and Tamungang Richard},
  title = {Adaptation of Women to Climate Variability in the Southern Slopes of the Rumpi Hills of Cameroon},
  journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
  volume = {5},
  number = {6},
  pages = {272-279},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20160506.19},
  abstract = {In this paper, we examine the vulnerability and adaptability of women along the southern slopes of the Rumpi Hills forest, Ndian Division of Cameroon. We used primary weather data and household livelihood surveys, to identify a broad range of climate variability that combine to create different adaptation and household livelihood outcomes. We used this information to explore the ways in which livelihoods have changed and adapted over a 38 year period (1976-2014), as well as considered the factors that have contributed to these outcomes. Using this approach, we assessed 858 women across six villages, our results showed decreasing amounts of rainfall, receding forests, increasing temperatures and water scarcity, and increasing costs of living. We also found that, despite adjusting sowing dates, adopting petty trading and changing cropping patterns, climate variability affects their livelihood strategies.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Adaptation of Women to Climate Variability in the Southern Slopes of the Rumpi Hills of Cameroon
AU  - Mukete Beckline
AU  - Sun Yujun
AU  - Samuel Ayonghe
AU  - Ojong Loveline Etta
AU  - Itoe Constantine
AU  - Tamungang Richard
Y1  - 2017/01/09
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19
DO  - 10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19
T2  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JF  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JO  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
SP  - 272
EP  - 279
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5648
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20160506.19
AB  - In this paper, we examine the vulnerability and adaptability of women along the southern slopes of the Rumpi Hills forest, Ndian Division of Cameroon. We used primary weather data and household livelihood surveys, to identify a broad range of climate variability that combine to create different adaptation and household livelihood outcomes. We used this information to explore the ways in which livelihoods have changed and adapted over a 38 year period (1976-2014), as well as considered the factors that have contributed to these outcomes. Using this approach, we assessed 858 women across six villages, our results showed decreasing amounts of rainfall, receding forests, increasing temperatures and water scarcity, and increasing costs of living. We also found that, despite adjusting sowing dates, adopting petty trading and changing cropping patterns, climate variability affects their livelihood strategies.
VL  - 5
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download