Substitution of Wheat Bran by Cassava Flour in the Diet: Effect on the Growth of Chickens

Beugré Grah Avit Maxwell; Gbogouri Grodji Albarin; Kimsé Moussa; Gnakri Dago

doi:doi:10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Substitution of Wheat Bran by Cassava Flour in the Diet: Effect on the Growth of Chickens

Beugré Grah Avit Maxwell, Gbogouri Grodji Albarin, Kimsé Moussa, Gnakri Dago

Published in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 3, Issue 1)

Received: 4 December 2013 Published: 10 January 2014

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Chicken diet cost represents up to 70 % of the production charges. Inputs, which are mostly imported products such as lysine, methionine, wheat bran are the cause of the expensive cost of foods. Wheat bran is not available in Côte d’Ivoire and could be efficiently substituted by cassava. Cassava is affordable and available all year round. The objective of this work was to determine the effects of the substitution of wheat bran by cassava flour on the growth of chickens. After administering ad libitum during 8 weeks the different food categories (starting and growing food), results showed that protein, fat, ash and calcium contents improved more with the addition of cassava for both starting and growing periods. The energy value of cassava-based feed was higher than that of foods containing wheat bran: 12 155 kJ / kg against 11 428 kJ / kg for the starting food and 12 586 kJ / kg against 11 577 kJ / kg for growth, respectively. Throughout the rearing period, the growth of chicken fed with the cassava-based diet was much higher than that of the chicken fed with the control diet. In the growing food, palmitic acid was the dominant saturated fatty acids with the cassava-based diet exhibiting higher values of saturated fatty acids. The content of unsaturated fatty acids from cassava (48.6 %) was slightly higher than the control diet (47.6 %). Except magnesium, macro-element concentrations were higher in the cassava-based diet than those of food control. Micronutrients such as manganese and zinc had a high value in cassava-based diet than the control diet. Hydrogen cyanide which is in the fresh pulp at 100 mg / kg, decreased at 1.8 mg / kg of dry matter in the start food and at 1.9 mg / kg of dry matter in the growth food. The substitution of wheat by cassava improves feed nutritional profile, also reduces the production cost, food industry will benefit from this up to 13, 36 % in start-up period and up to 13, 25 % in growing period.

Published in	Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 3, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12
Page(s)	6-12
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cassava, Growth, Hydrogen Cyanide, Substitution

References

[1]	Akassey PR (1992) Le guide de l’agriculture en Côte d’Ivoire. Volume IV. Edition, PRAT/EUROPA, Paris 274-286.
[2]	Anonyme 4 (2000) Bilan des ressources animales. Editeur, DGRA. Abidjan. pp 46.
[3]	Ferrando R (1969) Alimentation du poulet et de la poule pondeuse. Editeur, Vigot Frère, Paris, pp 200.
[4]	Garoud R (1992) Nutrition et alimentation des animaux d’élevage. Editeur: Foucher, Paris; pp 286.
[5]	Smith AJ (1992) L’élevage de la volaille. Volume. 1 Editeur : Maisonneuve et Larose, ACCT, Editeur, Paris; pp 183.
[6]	Jalloh A, Dahniya MT, Gbani A B et HC Ezumah (1995) L’effet de la date d’introduction du Riz (Oryza Saliva) dans la culture du manioc (Manihot esculenta, CRANTZ) sur leur production en Sierra Leone. Institute of Agricultural Research, P.M.B.450, Freetown, Sierra Leone; p 215-221.
[7]	Kraisid T (2002) Agriculture, Alimentation, Nutrition en Afrique, FAO. pp 412.
[8]	Ocho AL (1998) Valorisation de la graine d’hévéa (hevea brasiliensis) : production, composition chimique de la graine et efficacité alimentaire du tourteau chez le poulet de chair et la pondeuse. Mémoire pour l’obtention du grade de Docteur 3ème cycle. L’UFR de Biosciences de l’Université de Cocody, Côte d’Ivoire , M (811) pp 94.
[9]	FAO (1977) L’Alimentation des volailles dans les pays tropicaux et subtropicaux. (Coll. F.A.O. Progrès et mise en valeur. Agriculture n° 82). Rome, 103 p.
[10]	Liaset B, Julshamm K and M Epse (2003) Chemical composition and theoretical nutrition evaluation of produced fraction from enzymatic hydrolysis of salmon frames with Protamex TM. Process Biochem., 38 (12): 1747-1759.
[11]	Mc Cready (1999) Sugars of citrus juices, Food technology, p 19-20.
[12]	Rauscherk K, Engste R and U Freimuth (1986) Untersuchung Von Lebensmitteln Veb, Fauchbuch verlag. Leipzig, 939 p.
[13]	Rosignol CA (1998) Un préliminaire important: l’extration analytique des lipides. Oléagineux, Corps Gras, Lipides, 5 (4) : 301-307.
[14]	Morrisson WC (1978) Cereal lipids in «Advance in cereal science and technology », Edition Pomeranz Y. AACC. Vol II, 221-348.
[15]	Uceda et Hermoso (1996) Méthodes d’analyse des matières grasses et dérivés; ETIG, Editeur, Paris - France sixième édition; p 238.
[16]	Young G (1985) Dosage de la silice par spectrophotomètre d’absorption atomique. Analytical Chemistry. NORME AFNOR N F t 90005, p.1951.
[17]	Ashwell M and A Diplock (1999) Scientific concepts of functional foods in Europe. Consensus Document.. British Journal of Nutrition, 81(4) : S1-S27.
[18]	B.I.P.E.A. (1976) Bureau Interprofessionnel d’Etudes Analytiques. Recueil des Méthodes d’Analyses des Communautés Européennes,
[19]	Danielie P (2001) Théorie et méthodes statistiques. Application agronomique. Les presses agronomiques de Gembloux. Editeur, Gembloux, Belgique; pp 463.
[20]	Anonyme 1 (1983) Manuel d’Aviculture en zone tropicale, Ministère des Relations, Extérieures, Coopération et Développement. 2éme Edition, Abidjan; 160-185.
[21]	Pagot J, Bres P et QL Lecler (1983) Manuel d’Aviculture en zone tropicale, 2ème de la série Manuel et Précis d’Elevage, réalisée par l’Institut d’Elevage et de Médecine vétérinaire des Pays tropicaux, publiée par le Ministère de la Coopération ISNB : 2 :11.084499-X.; pp 185.
[22]	Bruijin GH (1971) A study on the cyanogenetic character of cassava. Meded. Lanbouwhogesch., Wageningen; (73): 1-140
[23]	Nartey F (1978) Studies on cassava, Manihot Utilissima pohl. Cyanogenesis: The biosynthesis, linamarin and lotaustralin in etiolated seedlings. Phytochemistry, (7): 1307-1312.
[24]	Barbato GF, Cherry JA, Siegel PB and HP Van Krey (1980) Quantitative analysis of the feeding behaviour of four populations of chickens. Physiology and Behaviour, (25): 885-891.
[25]	Anonyme 3 (1992) Le guide de l’agriculture en Côte d’Ivoire. Vol 4, éditeur, PRAT / EUROPA , Paris. 286 p.
[26]	Anonyme 2 (1991) Mémento de l’agronome 4ème édition, Edition CIRAD, Paris. p 1635.
[27]	Hargis P S and M Van Elswyk (1993) Fatty acid modification of poultry products. World's Poultry. Science; (49): 251-264.
[28]	Leskanich C O and RC Noble (1950) Manipulation of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of avian egg and meat. World's Poultry Science, 1997; (53): 155-184

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Beugré Grah Avit Maxwell, Gbogouri Grodji Albarin, Kimsé Moussa, Gnakri Dago. (2014). Substitution of Wheat Bran by Cassava Flour in the Diet: Effect on the Growth of Chickens. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 3(1), 6-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Beugré Grah Avit Maxwell; Gbogouri Grodji Albarin; Kimsé Moussa; Gnakri Dago. Substitution of Wheat Bran by Cassava Flour in the Diet: Effect on the Growth of Chickens. Agric. For. Fish. 2014, 3(1), 6-12. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Beugré Grah Avit Maxwell, Gbogouri Grodji Albarin, Kimsé Moussa, Gnakri Dago. Substitution of Wheat Bran by Cassava Flour in the Diet: Effect on the Growth of Chickens. Agric For Fish. 2014;3(1):6-12. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12,
  author = {Beugré Grah Avit Maxwell and Gbogouri Grodji Albarin and Kimsé Moussa and Gnakri Dago},
  title = {Substitution of Wheat Bran by Cassava Flour in the Diet: Effect on the Growth of Chickens},
  journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {6-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20140301.12},
  abstract = {Chicken diet cost represents up to 70 % of the production charges. Inputs, which are mostly imported products such as lysine, methionine, wheat bran are the cause of the expensive cost of foods. Wheat bran is not available in Côte d’Ivoire and could be efficiently substituted by cassava. Cassava is affordable and available all year round. The objective of this work was to determine the effects of the substitution of wheat bran by cassava flour on the growth of chickens. After administering ad libitum during 8 weeks the different food categories (starting and growing food), results showed that protein, fat, ash and calcium contents improved more with the addition of cassava for both starting and growing periods. The energy value of cassava-based feed was higher than that of foods containing wheat bran: 12 155 kJ / kg against 11 428 kJ / kg for the starting food and 12 586 kJ / kg against 11 577 kJ / kg for growth, respectively. Throughout the rearing period, the growth of chicken fed with the cassava-based diet was much higher than that of the chicken fed with the control diet. In the growing food, palmitic acid was the dominant saturated fatty acids with the cassava-based diet exhibiting higher values of saturated fatty acids. The content of unsaturated fatty acids from cassava (48.6 %) was slightly higher than the control diet (47.6 %). Except magnesium, macro-element concentrations were higher in the cassava-based diet than those of food control. Micronutrients such as manganese and zinc had a high value in cassava-based diet than the control diet. Hydrogen cyanide which is in the fresh pulp at 100 mg / kg, decreased at 1.8 mg / kg of dry matter in the start food and at 1.9 mg / kg of dry matter in the growth food. The substitution of wheat by cassava improves feed nutritional profile, also reduces the production cost, food industry will benefit from this up to 13, 36 % in start-up period and up to 13, 25 % in growing period.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Substitution of Wheat Bran by Cassava Flour in the Diet: Effect on the Growth of Chickens
AU - Beugré Grah Avit Maxwell
AU - Gbogouri Grodji Albarin
AU - Kimsé Moussa
AU - Gnakri Dago
Y1 - 2014/01/10
PY - 2014
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12
DO - 10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12
T2 - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JF - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JO - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
SP - 6
EP - 12
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-5648
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12
AB - Chicken diet cost represents up to 70 % of the production charges. Inputs, which are mostly imported products such as lysine, methionine, wheat bran are the cause of the expensive cost of foods. Wheat bran is not available in Côte d’Ivoire and could be efficiently substituted by cassava. Cassava is affordable and available all year round. The objective of this work was to determine the effects of the substitution of wheat bran by cassava flour on the growth of chickens. After administering ad libitum during 8 weeks the different food categories (starting and growing food), results showed that protein, fat, ash and calcium contents improved more with the addition of cassava for both starting and growing periods. The energy value of cassava-based feed was higher than that of foods containing wheat bran: 12 155 kJ / kg against 11 428 kJ / kg for the starting food and 12 586 kJ / kg against 11 577 kJ / kg for growth, respectively. Throughout the rearing period, the growth of chicken fed with the cassava-based diet was much higher than that of the chicken fed with the control diet. In the growing food, palmitic acid was the dominant saturated fatty acids with the cassava-based diet exhibiting higher values of saturated fatty acids. The content of unsaturated fatty acids from cassava (48.6 %) was slightly higher than the control diet (47.6 %). Except magnesium, macro-element concentrations were higher in the cassava-based diet than those of food control. Micronutrients such as manganese and zinc had a high value in cassava-based diet than the control diet. Hydrogen cyanide which is in the fresh pulp at 100 mg / kg, decreased at 1.8 mg / kg of dry matter in the start food and at 1.9 mg / kg of dry matter in the growth food. The substitution of wheat by cassava improves feed nutritional profile, also reduces the production cost, food industry will benefit from this up to 13, 36 % in start-up period and up to 13, 25 % in growing period.
VL - 3
IS - 1
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Beugré Grah Avit Maxwell

Laboratoire de Nutrition et de Sécurité Alimentaire, U.F.R. des Sciences et Technologie des Aliments, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, C?te d’Ivoire
Gbogouri Grodji Albarin

Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Microbiologie, Université Jean Lorougnon Guedé, BP 150 Daloa, C?te d’Ivoire
Kimsé Moussa

Laboratoire de Biologie et de Cytologie Animale, UFR des Sciences de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, C?te d’Ivoire
Gnakri Dago

Laboratoire de Nutrition et de Sécurité Alimentaire, U.F.R. des Sciences et Technologie des Aliments, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, C?te d’Ivoire

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Beugré Grah Avit Maxwell, Gbogouri Grodji Albarin, Kimsé Moussa, Gnakri Dago. (2014). Substitution of Wheat Bran by Cassava Flour in the Diet: Effect on the Growth of Chickens. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 3(1), 6-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Beugré Grah Avit Maxwell; Gbogouri Grodji Albarin; Kimsé Moussa; Gnakri Dago. Substitution of Wheat Bran by Cassava Flour in the Diet: Effect on the Growth of Chickens. Agric. For. Fish. 2014, 3(1), 6-12. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Beugré Grah Avit Maxwell, Gbogouri Grodji Albarin, Kimsé Moussa, Gnakri Dago. Substitution of Wheat Bran by Cassava Flour in the Diet: Effect on the Growth of Chickens. Agric For Fish. 2014;3(1):6-12. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12,
  author = {Beugré Grah Avit Maxwell and Gbogouri Grodji Albarin and Kimsé Moussa and Gnakri Dago},
  title = {Substitution of Wheat Bran by Cassava Flour in the Diet: Effect on the Growth of Chickens},
  journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {6-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140301.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20140301.12},
  abstract = {Chicken diet cost represents up to 70 % of the production charges. Inputs, which are mostly imported products such as lysine, methionine, wheat bran are the cause of the expensive cost of foods. Wheat bran is not available in Côte d’Ivoire and could be efficiently substituted by cassava. Cassava is affordable and available all year round. The objective of this work was to determine the effects of the substitution of wheat bran by cassava flour on the growth of chickens. After administering ad libitum during 8 weeks the different food categories (starting and growing food), results showed that protein, fat, ash and calcium contents improved more with the addition of cassava for both starting and growing periods. The energy value of cassava-based feed was higher than that of foods containing wheat bran: 12 155 kJ / kg against 11 428 kJ / kg for the starting food and 12 586 kJ / kg against 11 577 kJ / kg for growth, respectively. Throughout the rearing period, the growth of chicken fed with the cassava-based diet was much higher than that of the chicken fed with the control diet. In the growing food, palmitic acid was the dominant saturated fatty acids with the cassava-based diet exhibiting higher values of saturated fatty acids. The content of unsaturated fatty acids from cassava (48.6 %) was slightly higher than the control diet (47.6 %). Except magnesium, macro-element concentrations were higher in the cassava-based diet than those of food control. Micronutrients such as manganese and zinc had a high value in cassava-based diet than the control diet. Hydrogen cyanide which is in the fresh pulp at 100 mg / kg, decreased at 1.8 mg / kg of dry matter in the start food and at 1.9 mg / kg of dry matter in the growth food. The substitution of wheat by cassava improves feed nutritional profile, also reduces the production cost, food industry will benefit from this up to 13, 36 % in start-up period and up to 13, 25 % in growing period.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download