The aims of the research I embarked on were: (a) to show the preference of terminal values in personal and in social character as well as the level of religious experience: God's presence and God's absence among singles and married couples; and (b) to show the relation between terminal values in personal and in social character and religious experience: God's presence and God's absence in two groups: singles and married couples. In the research the following methods were applied. In order to define the level of religious experience: God's presence and God's absence - the Scale of Religious Experience (SRE) by S. Głaz, and in order to show the terminal values preference among the singles and married couples the Rokeach Value Survey (RVS) was applied. The research was carried out in Kraków. The age of the respondents ranged from 35 to 45. All people were Polish born. The analysis of the subject matter seems to indicate: Married couples have a higher level of religious experience of God's presence than singles. Married couples respect most two values in social character (mature love, true friendship), and two values in personal character (a comfortable life, freedom). Singles respect most three values in personal character (a comfortable life, a successful life, freedom), and one social value (mature love). The strongest variables which contribute to accounting for the variance of religious experience (God's presence and God's absence) were found to be two values in personal character: freedom in case of singles and wisdom in case of married couples.
Published in | American Journal of Applied Psychology (Volume 2, Issue 5) |
DOI | 10.11648/j.ajap.20130205.12 |
Page(s) | 59-67 |
Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2013. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Terminal Values, Married Couples, Relationship, Religious Experience: God's Presence and God's Absence, Singles
[1] | Clark Walter (1969). Chemical Ecstasy. Psychedelic Drugs and Religion. New York: Scheed and Ward. |
[2] | Czernecka Julita (2011). Wielkomiejscy single (Single metropolitan). Warszawa: Poltext. |
[3] | Dobroczyński Bartłomiej (2005). Singli coraz więcej (Of singles more and more?). List, 10, 16-21. |
[4] | Domański Henryk (2009). Społeczeństwa europejskie. Satysfakcja i system wartości (European societies. Satisfaction and values). Warszawa: Scholar. |
[5] | Drucko Paul and Magaletta Philip (1994). The Effect of Prayer on Physical Health: Experimental Evidence. Journal of Religious and Health, 3, 211-219. |
[6] | Feuerbach Ludwig (1957). Das Wesen des Christentums. Leipzig. |
[7] | Frankl Victor (1992). Der Wille zum Sinn. Bern: Hans Huber. |
[8] | Freud Sigmund (1951). Introduction à la psychanalyse. Paris: Payot. |
[9] | Fromm Erich (1966). You shall be as gods; a radical interpretation of the Old Testament and its tradition. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. |
[10] | Głaz Stanisław (1998). Doświadczenie religijne (Religious Experience). Kraków: WAM. |
[11] | Głaz Stanisław (2000). An Individual and Religious Experience. Cracow: WAM. |
[12] | Głaz Stanisław (2002). Doświadczenie religijne a sens życia (Religious Experience and Meaning of Life). Kraków: WAM. |
[13] | Głaz Stanisław (2003). Wpływ zmiennych egzystencjalnych na skutki przeżycia religijnego (Effect of Existential Variables to the Effects of Religious Experience). Czasopismo Psychologiczne 1: 119-132. |
[14] | Głaz Stanisław (2007). Preferencja wartości ostatecznych a sens życia singli oraz osób żyjących w stałym związku małżeńskim (The preference of ultimate values and the meaning of living of singles, and living persons in the permanent matrimony). Czasopismo Psychologiczne, 2, 157-168. |
[15] | Głaz Stanisław (2010). Rola Kościoła w integralnym rozwoju młodzieży (Le rôle de l’Eglise dans le développement intégral des jeunes). Kraków: WAM. |
[16] | Głaz Stanisław (2011). Osobowościowe uwarunkowania przeżycia religijnego młodzieży studiującej (Psychological Factors of Religious Experience in Young University Students). Kraków: WAM. |
[17] | Godin Andre (1985). The Psychological Dynamics of Religious Experience. Birmingham: Religious Education Press. |
[18] | Grof Stanislav (1985). Beyond the Brain: Birth, Death, and Transcendence in Psychotherapy. Albany: State University of New York Press. |
[19] | Grof Stanislav (1995). Realms of the human unconscious, observations from LSD research. London: Souvenir Press. |
[20] | Hood Ralph (1975). The Construction and Preliminary Validation of a Measure of Reported Mystical Experience. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 14, 29-41. |
[21] | Hood Ralph, Morris Ronald and Watson Paul (1989). Prayer Experience and Religious Orientation. Review of Religious Research, 31, 39-45. |
[22] | Huber Stefan (2003). Zentralität und Inhalt. Ein neues multidimensionales Messomodell der Religiosität, Opladen: Leske and Budvich. |
[23] | James William (1968). The varieties of religious experience. A study in human nature. New York. Collier Books. |
[24] | Jarosz Marek (2003). Interpersonalne uwarunkowania religijności (Interpersonal Considerations of Religion). Lublin: TN KUL. |
[25] | Liberska Halina (2011). Relations in marriage and family: Genesis, quality and development. Bydgoszcz: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Kazimierza Wielkiego. |
[26] | Liberska Halina and Malina Alicja (2011). Wybrane problemy współczesnych małżeństw i rodzin (Selected problems of contemporary marriages and families). Warszawa: DIFIN SA. |
[27] | MacLean Katherine, Leoutsakos Jeannie-Marie, Johnson Matthew and Griffiths Roland (2012). Factor Analysis of the Mystical Experience Questionnaire: A Study of Experiences Occasioned by the Hallucinogen Psilocybin. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 4, 721-737. |
[28] | Maslow Abraham (1962). Toward a Psychology of Being. New York: Van Nostrand. |
[29] | Masters Robert and Houston Jean (1966). The Varieties of Psychodelic Experiences. New York: Delta. |
[30] | Montmorand de Maxime (1920). Psychologie des mystiques catholiques ortodoxes. Paris: Alcan. |
[31] | Nagel Ernest and Sgoutas-Emch Sandra (2006). The Relationship Between Spirituality, Health Beliefs, and Health Behaviors in College Students. Journal of Religious and Health, 1, 141-152. |
[32] | Oleś Piotr (2003). Wprowadzenie do psychologii osobowości (Entering the personality into psychology). Warszawa: Scholar. |
[33] | Oliynichuk Schurik and Popielski Kazimierz (2008). Wartości moralne a poczucie sensu życia (Moral values and feeling the meaning of the life). In: K. Popielski (ed.), Wartości dla życia. (Values for the life), (pp. 499-520). Lublin: Wyd. KUL. |
[34] | Opoczyńska Małgorzata (1995). Człowiek wobec wartości (Man in view of the value). In: A. Gałdowa (ed.), Wybrane zagadnienia z psychologii osobowości (Chosen issues from the psychology of the personality), (pp. 169-186). Kraków: UJ. |
[35] | Otto Rudolf (1968). Le sacre: L'élément non-rationnel dans l'idée du divin et sa relation avec le rationnel. Paris: Payot. |
[36] | Pahnke Walter (1966). Drugs and Mysticism. International Journal of Parapsychology, 8, 295-314. |
[37] | Piontek Franciszek (2008). Depozyt niezrealizowanych wartości a proces rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego (The deposit of uncashed values and the development process social-economic). In K. Popielski (ed.), Wartości dla życia. (Values for the life), (pp. 137-162). Lublin: Wyd. KUL. |
[38] | Popielski Kazimierz (2008). Psychologia egzystencji (Psychology of Existence). Lublin: KUL. |
[39] | Prusak Jacek (2005). Bliskość tak, ale się boję. (Closeness yes, but I am afraid). List, 10, 23-25. |
[40] | Rahner Karl (1984). Corso fundamentale sulla fede. Introduzione al concetto di cristianesimo. Torino: Ed. Paoline. |
[41] | Rokeach Milton (1969). Religious values and social compassion. Review of Religious Research, 11, 23-38. |
[42] | Rokeach Milton (1973). The nature of human values. New York: Free Press. |
[43] | Rozpiętkowski Paweł (2008). Ludzie i wartości (People and Values). Niedziela, 1, 4-5. |
[44] | Schwartz Shalom (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. Advances in Experiemental Social Psychology, 25, 1-66 |
[45] | Shariff Azim and Norenzayan Ara (2007). God is watching you: Priming God concepts increases prosocial behavior in an anonymous economic game. Psychological Science, 18, 803-809. |
[46] | Slany Krystyna (2002). Alternatywne formy życia małżeńsko-rodzinnego w ponowoczesnym świecie (Alternative forms of marital-family living in modern world). Kraków: Nomos. |
[47] | Smith Huston (1964). Do Drugs Have Religious Import? Journal of Philosophy, 61, 517-530. |
[48] | Snyder Solomon (1986). Drugs and the Brain. New York: Scientific American Books. |
[49] | Stala Józef. and Osewska Elżbieta (2010). Sociological Aspects of Family Religious Education in Poland. In E. Osewska and J. Stala (ed.), Religious Education / Catechesis in the Family. A European Perspective, (pp. 167-177). Warszawa: UKSW. |
[50] | Stevens Jay (1987). Storming Heaven: LSD and the American Dream. New York: Harper and Row. |
[51] | Vergote Antoine (1967). Psicologia religiosa. Torino: Borla Editore. |
[52] | Wojtasik Katarzyna (2004). Modlitwa a osobowość (Prayer and Personality). Kraków: WAM. |
[53] | Zdybicka Zofia (1979). Les voies de l'affirmation de Dieu. Collectanea Theologica, 49, 77-123. |
APA Style
Stanisław Głaz. (2013). Terminal Values as Predictors of Religious Experience in the Lives of Married Couples and Singles. American Journal of Applied Psychology, 2(5), 59-67. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20130205.12
ACS Style
Stanisław Głaz. Terminal Values as Predictors of Religious Experience in the Lives of Married Couples and Singles. Am. J. Appl. Psychol. 2013, 2(5), 59-67. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20130205.12
AMA Style
Stanisław Głaz. Terminal Values as Predictors of Religious Experience in the Lives of Married Couples and Singles. Am J Appl Psychol. 2013;2(5):59-67. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20130205.12
@article{10.11648/j.ajap.20130205.12, author = {Stanisław Głaz}, title = {Terminal Values as Predictors of Religious Experience in the Lives of Married Couples and Singles}, journal = {American Journal of Applied Psychology}, volume = {2}, number = {5}, pages = {59-67}, doi = {10.11648/j.ajap.20130205.12}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20130205.12}, eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajap.20130205.12}, abstract = {The aims of the research I embarked on were: (a) to show the preference of terminal values in personal and in social character as well as the level of religious experience: God's presence and God's absence among singles and married couples; and (b) to show the relation between terminal values in personal and in social character and religious experience: God's presence and God's absence in two groups: singles and married couples. In the research the following methods were applied. In order to define the level of religious experience: God's presence and God's absence - the Scale of Religious Experience (SRE) by S. Głaz, and in order to show the terminal values preference among the singles and married couples the Rokeach Value Survey (RVS) was applied. The research was carried out in Kraków. The age of the respondents ranged from 35 to 45. All people were Polish born. The analysis of the subject matter seems to indicate: Married couples have a higher level of religious experience of God's presence than singles. Married couples respect most two values in social character (mature love, true friendship), and two values in personal character (a comfortable life, freedom). Singles respect most three values in personal character (a comfortable life, a successful life, freedom), and one social value (mature love). The strongest variables which contribute to accounting for the variance of religious experience (God's presence and God's absence) were found to be two values in personal character: freedom in case of singles and wisdom in case of married couples.}, year = {2013} }
TY - JOUR T1 - Terminal Values as Predictors of Religious Experience in the Lives of Married Couples and Singles AU - Stanisław Głaz Y1 - 2013/11/10 PY - 2013 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20130205.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ajap.20130205.12 T2 - American Journal of Applied Psychology JF - American Journal of Applied Psychology JO - American Journal of Applied Psychology SP - 59 EP - 67 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-5672 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20130205.12 AB - The aims of the research I embarked on were: (a) to show the preference of terminal values in personal and in social character as well as the level of religious experience: God's presence and God's absence among singles and married couples; and (b) to show the relation between terminal values in personal and in social character and religious experience: God's presence and God's absence in two groups: singles and married couples. In the research the following methods were applied. In order to define the level of religious experience: God's presence and God's absence - the Scale of Religious Experience (SRE) by S. Głaz, and in order to show the terminal values preference among the singles and married couples the Rokeach Value Survey (RVS) was applied. The research was carried out in Kraków. The age of the respondents ranged from 35 to 45. All people were Polish born. The analysis of the subject matter seems to indicate: Married couples have a higher level of religious experience of God's presence than singles. Married couples respect most two values in social character (mature love, true friendship), and two values in personal character (a comfortable life, freedom). Singles respect most three values in personal character (a comfortable life, a successful life, freedom), and one social value (mature love). The strongest variables which contribute to accounting for the variance of religious experience (God's presence and God's absence) were found to be two values in personal character: freedom in case of singles and wisdom in case of married couples. VL - 2 IS - 5 ER -